理性文化与基础教育理科课程改革

Rational Culture and The Science Curriculum Reform in Basic Education

通过追溯中西文化演变，分析传统「理性」文化之别，阐述我国传统文化对理科教育的负面影响；回顾近代理科教育的社会文化演变过程，结合理科「文化」舞台分析当前基础教育理科课程改革中出现的问题。理科的人文化传统教学造成了以非理性方式记忆「科学」，使理科教育目标背离了科学的本质诉求。针对传统文化中精确、求真、独立性和批判性等理性思维不足的缺陷，提出理科课程改革中建立符合科学理性特点的理科教材观、知识价值观、学生的科学观、教师科学教学观、教师观、评价观等的具体办法，给予「理解科学」的课程改革目标的实现以诸多启示。

This paper goes back to the evolvement of the east and west culture， analyses the differences of the traditional “rational” culture and presents the negative influence of our traditional culture on science education; it also reviews the social culture evolutive process of the science education， and analyses the problems of the modern science curriculum reform in basic education in the light of science “culture” stage. The traditional humanistic teaching of science leads to the irrational way of remembering “science”， which makes the aim of the science education lapse from the nature of science inquiry. To cope with the deficiency of traditional culture-lack of rational thinking such as accuracy， truth， independency and criticism， the paper suggests that scientific views of science teaching materials， of knowledge values， of science of students， of science teaching of teachers， of teachers， of evaluation should be established in science curriculum reform， which gives significant implication to the realization of the curriculum reform’s aim “understanding science”.