中低收入戶幼兒扥育品質之探討：以屏東縣市為例

Study of Low-Income Children's Child Care Quality: Take Pingtung County as an Example

臺灣愈來愈重視中低收入戶幼兒教育，人們相信高品質的幼兒教育對幼兒未來的成功有非常重大的影響。因此，政府積極提供中低收入戶幼兒相關的扥育輔助，讓中低收入戶家長也能將幼兒送往幼拖園就讀，然而，目前針對收扥中低收入戶幼兒扥育品質探討的研究非常少。因此，本研究主要的目的即在探就目前收扥中低收入戶幼兒之幼稚園及托兒所之各項品質表現。本研究樣本主要是從屏東縣33個鄉鎮中，分層隨機抽樣取得，總計有42所幼稚園及73所托兒所參與本研究。研究者分別採用結構是問卷、ECERS-R/FDCRS及Arnett Scale(阿內特量表)來評估幼稚園及扥兒所的結構品質、學習環境過程品質，以及師生互動過程品質。研究發現：（1）結構品質方面，公立幼稚園及托兒所大部分結構品質項目表佳；（2）學習環境過程品質方面，幼稚園及托兒所沒有一個項目的平均分數達到好的標準；（3）當比較幼稚園與托兒所的各項品質表現實，幼稚園各項品質表現均較托兒所佳；（4）當比較不同型態的幼托園所各項品質表現時，發現公立幼稚園的整體品質顯著高於私立幼稚園、鄉立托兒所，以及私立托兒所；（5）國幼班與菲國幼班各項品質無顯著差異。最後，針對以上研究結果作一討論及建議。

In Taiwan， more attention has been given to the importance of early childhood education for children in poverty. People believe that high quality early childhood education can exert great influence on children’s future success. Thus， Government provides child-care subsidy for low-income family to encourage parents to send their children to child-care centers. However， scant research studies have done to investigate the quality of child-care centers where poor children are educated. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of child-care cents（including kindergartens and preschools）where poor children studied. In this study， stratified random sampling technique was used. After a sampling procedure， 42 kindergartens and 73 preschools were chosen from 33 towns in Pingtung county. Researchers used structural questionnaire， ECERS-R/FDCRS， Arnett Scale to evaluate child-care centers’ structural quality， learning environment process quality， and teacher-student interaction process quality. Results showed that:（1）structural quality: public kindergartens and preschools had good performance in several structural quality measures;（2）learning environment process quality─no single item’s mean was above good level in either kindergartens or preschools;（3）comparing overall qualities of preschools and kindergartens， researchers found that kindergartens’ overall quality was higher than that of preschools;（4）comparing different types of child-care centers’ qualities， researches found that public kindergartens had higher overall quality than that of other types of child-care centers. Some discussions and suggestions were provided in the final part.