專家與新手教師在班級經營的知識結構差異：以口試題目檢驗之

Analysis of Difference in the Knowledge Structure of Expert and Novice Teachers in Classroom Management: Examined by Oral Exam Questions

本研究目的在運用路徑搜尋法（Pathfinder）測量專家與新手教師在班級經營知識結構的差異，試圖建構評量教師知識結構的有效工具。本研究以臺中縣國民中學為抽樣範圍，採立意抽樣共得專家教師35名及新手教師39名。研究工具有二項：33題班級經營口試題目與教室管理效能量表。結果可得三項量化指數：接近性資料指數（PRX）、圖形理論距離指數（GTD）、相似性指數（PFC）。另外，專家與新手教師之路徑搜尋網路圖亦一併呈現。根據資料分析，本研究結果發現：一、專家教師與新手教師在班級經營知識結構上呈現差異性存在；二、專家教師比新手教師的知識結構圖更趨近參照結構；三、路徑搜尋法對專家與新手教師具有區別效力；四、班級經營知識結構三項量化指數與班級經營效能具有相關存在，其中以PRX指數關係最密切。

The purpose of the study is employ Pathfinder to measure the difference that lies within the knowledge structure of expert and novice teachers in terms of classroom management， attempting to construct an effective instrument to evaluate the knowledge structure of teachers.The study draws a sample of 35 expert teachers and 39 novice teachers from the junior high schools in Taichung County through judgmental sampling. Two instruments are put to use: an inventory of 33 classroom management oral exam questions and inventory of effectiveness of classroom management. Interviewees are asked to categorize the questions and analyze the knowledge structure through Pathfinder. The three quantitative indexes of classroom management knowledge structure are generated as follows: proximity index(PRX)， graph-theoretic distance(GTD)， pathfinder network closeness index(PFC). The pathfinder network of expert and novice teachers are also provided.Conclusions of the research are as follows:1.Expert and novice teachers are significantly different in classroom management knowledge structurally.2.The knowledge structure map of expert teachers resembles the reference comparatively more than that of novice teachers.3.The Pathfinder is a valid tool to discriminate the expert and novice teachers.4.The three quantitative indexes of classroom management knowledge structure are significantly correlated to classroom management effectiveness， with PRX being the most closely correlated.