口試委員類我效應對口試決策之影響--以教師甄選口試決策歷程之結構方程模式分析

A Study of the Effect of the Interviewer's Perceived Similarity on Decision Procedure--Application of Structural Equation Modeling on the Decision Procedure of the Interview of Teacher Selection

本研究目的在探討教師甄選口試，口試委員與應試者的背景特徵及口試委員心理因素，如何影響教師甄選口試評價結果，尤其對口試委員類我效應在口試過程中所扮演的角色，進行整體結構方程模式分析，試圖建立一套教師甄選口試決策歷程的因果關係模式。本研究工具修改自Graves與Powell（1988）的「口試評量表」，針對93年度北部三縣市國中教師甄選口試委員共78名進行調查。回收口試評量表883份，有效量表844份，經整理後計有57位口試委員的570份有效量表進行LISREL的結構方程模式分析。根據資料分析的結果，發現：(1)口試委員口試經驗、教育程度、職務，應試者教育背景、任教領域等背景變項對口試評價結果有顯著影響；(2)本研究建構之「教師甄選口試決策模式」，經結構方程模型分析，得到參數估計結果與修正指標數據，進行必要之模型修飾後，獲得理想的適配，顯示修正後之模式可以有效解釋觀察資料。模式中各心理因素對口試評價結果均具有影響力，尤其以口試委員類我效應的總效果最強，其餘依次是應試者受喜愛程度、應試者教師專業、應試者儀容舉止。

The purpose of the study aimed to investigate how the interviewer’s and the applicant’s background variables and the interviewer’s psychological factors influence the interview assessment of the teacher selection in junior high school. Focusing on the effect of the interviewer’s perceived similarity， this study applied structural equation modeling on a cause-effect model for the interview assessment of the teacher selection.The instrument is a revision of the Interview Assessment Form proposed by Graves and Powell (1988). The objects of data-gathering are those interviewers of junior high school teacher selection in Taipei County， Taipei City， and Taoyuan County in 2004. A total of 78 interviewers participate in this research; each interviewer has 3 to 23 interviewees. Thus， a total of 883 Interview Assessment Forms are collected， 844 of which are effective. And a total of 570 effective Assessment Forms answered by 57 interviewers are selected for the data analysis of LISREL Structural Equation Modeling.According to the result of data analysis， the conclusions of my research are as follows: (1) Such background variables as the interviewer’s interview experience， level of education， job position， the educational background of the applicants， and teaching fields have significant influences upon the result of interview assessment. (2) Based on the parameter estimations and the modification indexes resulting from Structural Equation Modeling Analysis， the decision model of the interview is modified and becomes well-fit， which means the modified model can fit with the empirical data perfectly. From the analysis of Structural Equation Modeling， the strongest influence of the psychological factors upon the total effect of interview assessment is the interviewer’s perceived similarity， followed by the sequence of the applicant’s likability， the applicant’s specialty， and the applicant’s appearances and behavior.