臺灣地區國小高年級兒童的創意經驗及其家庭因素

Family Influences on the Creative Experiences of Children from Grade Five to Six in Taiwan

從演化的觀點來看，兒童的創意經驗是日後傑出創造的基礎。家庭是影響兒童創意經驗的重要環境因素，可惜大部分研究焦點都置於學校，所以本研究將焦點置於家庭。本研究普查全國所有小學，針對每校發出一份學生問卷，共發出2，601份，回收有效問卷823份，回收率31.64%。結果發現：一、父母若保存孩子的作品並欣賞其創意，則孩子比較喜歡創作、珍惜自己的作品、清楚自己作品的優缺點，並因進步而快樂；二、家庭若具有開放性的支持氛圍，則孩子也會比較喜歡創作、清楚自己作品的優缺點、並珍惜自己的作品；三、父母若喜歡把家庭布置得很有創意，則孩子比較喜歡創作或製造新奇；四、父母若喜歡社會性比較或只重成績，則孩子在學校中會減少挑戰問題的勇氣，並在同儕團體當中抑制自己的獨特想法。這些結果可供父母本身或作為學校進行親職教育的重要參考。

Children’s creativity is in the core process of their learning and serves as the evolutionary prerequisite for the big creativity in their later age. The current study explored some effects of family factors， frequently neglected by researchers and policy makers， on the creative experiences of children from grade 5-6 in Taiwan. A sample of 823 children from different elementary schools was surveyed. It was found that， if parents preserved their children’s works and valued children’s creative ideas， their children would like to create， cherish their own works， be clear about the pros and cons of their works， and feel happy about their progress. Family’s supportive climate exerted similar effects. In addition， if parents liked to design and decorate creatively their home， their children would also like to create novel things. Finally， if parents doted on social comparison or valued only academic grade， their children would be discouraged to try on challenging problems and would tend to inhibit their own unique ideas. Those findings have important implications for families as well as for schools with an emphasis on helping parents nurture children’s creativity.