高職免試入學理念之檢定

The Feasibility of Free Entrance to Senior Vocational Schools

本研究想了解高中與國中對高職免試入學理論與措施接受的程度。問卷對象以高職註冊組長與科主任、國中註冊組長與導師及學生家長為主。共取有效問卷3277份。以logit模式分析樣本對問卷題項之反應。結果顯出大部份樣本（70%）認同高職免試入學的理念。諸如高職免試入學可使學生學習一技之長以確保其生存權。由於聯考所造成的負面效果如愈升學導向的學校其學生近視率愈高，聯考規定命題範圍不超出課本，使得學生不願閱讀課外的有用新知。故入學制度必需有所改變。由於登記分發成績主要段考成績，而在17次段考中有些人班級為常模，有些以年級為常模，有些以分發區為常模，故能兼顧常態編班及城鄉均衡發展。將來職業證照制度建立之後，加上技職教育自成體係，高職將逐漸獲得其尊嚴。在分發技術上，大部份贊成依成績排序後，以100名為一梯次依序分發。在每梯次分發時以學生志願為分發依據，志願相同者再比成績。如此可避免高分者落榜且可兼顧學生性向。綜之，高職免試入學可作為我國高職多元入學管道之一。

This study analyzes whether the free entrance to senior vocational schools can be accepted by the junior high schools and senior vocational schools. A questionnaire was sent to ：（a）registrars of both junior high schools and senior vocational schools， （b）department directors of senior vocational schools， （c）teachers and students’ parents of junior high schools. The returned valid samples totaled 3277. The Logit model was used to analyze the data. Results showed that more than 70% of respondents support the concepts and rules of free entrance to vocational schools. The majority of respondents agree with the following ideas：（a）it can facilitate all the junior high school graduates to have a chance to receive skill training， if they want， so that their right of quality of life can be ensued， （b）the traditional joint entrance examination for entrance to senior high schools as well as to vocational schools has demonstrated its negative side effects， such as the number of students who suffer from myopia is proportional to the number of students who are preparing the joint entrance examination. Therefore the system of joint entrance examination has to be changed，（c）the criterion for allocation to vocational school is based mainly on the scores of all subjects of 17 term examinations in the junior high school， but some of which will be standardized based on the mean and standard deviation of that subject of each class， some of which are based on that of all year─classes in each school， and some of which are based on that of each allocation area. This mechanism can eliminate the discrimination which divided students into high achievement classes and low ones， as well as high achievement star schools and low ones， （d）nowadays the graduate of vocational schools have more chances to be admitted to junior colleges and institutes of technology， and after the system of vocational license is institutionalized in Taiwan， the vocational school graduates would be able to stand upon their qualifications instead of being disrespected. This study suggests that by the allocation procedure， all the applicants should be ranked according to their scores earned during the junior high school， then divided into groups of 100. Applicants in the groups with a higher score will have priority to choose their preferred department of vocational school. If two applicants choose the same department and there is only one vacancy then the one with the higher score will have priority. In conclusion， the measurement of free entrance to senior vocational school can be a pluralistic way of entrance of senior vocational schools.