科學-技術-社會(STS)的「道德與公民」課程

Moral and Citizenship Education : The STS Approach

隨著時代巨輪的轉動，道德與公民教育的課程，也須要變革。傳統注重傳輸重要德目以及公民基本社會科學知識的課程與教學取向，已經不再適用於當今多元價值以及人本潮流當道的社會。本文從科學教育所提倡的「科學-技術-社會」（STS）教學取向，進一步探討STS的教育理念以及STS科學教學可能達成的具體效果。本文以為，STS的科學教育在實施上不易達成其原本所預期的教育目標。目標中有關倫理價值內涵、做決筞的能力以及參與社區活動能力的培養等項目，適合透過STS的道德與公民課程來達成。至於，其他各學科的教學則應該在維持學科知識邏輯系統的架構下採取STS的教學策略，一方面讓學生能對每一科的知識進行真正的理解與學習，另一方面則培養學生具備這些學科知識，以利於STS道德與公民教育問題解決活動的進行。

The purpose of this article is to propose an alternative approach toward moral and citizenship education. The approach is named “STS” moral and citizenship education， which is derived from science education. STS (Science/Technology/Society) in science education provides broader and deeper educational aims of the science education than those of the traditional one. STS also provides several teaching and learning strategies， which make science education progressive. However， owing to the “science-centered” STS education， the aims in STS science education regarding ethical issues， decision-making， and social action are not easy to achieve. Therefore， after exploring what STS is， and discussing what should moral and citizenship education be， STS' moral and citizenship education is proposed.