布農族武陵部落之遷徙史及其部落社會文化概況

The History of Bunan Bukzav Immigration: A Social and Cultural Overview

本研究旨在探討與梳理臺東縣延平鄉武陵部落的遷徙形成與社會文化概況。本研究透過文獻分析與深度訪談方式進行資料收集，並以在地人詮釋自己的角度行文。布農族是臺灣眾多原住民當中，人口移動幅度最大、伸展力最強的族群。整體而言，武陵部落的形成過程，主要分成兩部分，第一部份為布農族人自行擴展與遷徙、第二部分為日本政府集團移住政策下的遷移。日本集團移住政策的影響是全面性的，在日本政府的改善蕃屋下，奠定了今日武陵部落景觀的基礎，也影響生計活動由輪耕狩獵轉為定耕農業。從外界的視野觀之，武陵部落是個風光明媚又安靜純樸的地方，適合踏青郊遊，然而，武陵部落有著城鄉差距、生計瀕臨斷炊、醫療與教育資源不足等問題。武陵部落最需要的是部落生計、安全的醫療資源與部落孩子們的未來職涯與生涯發展。武陵部落尚有許多細微與發展議題，很多都不是短期可以解決或突破，然而這些議題依舊需要尋求突破與解決，依舊要十分努力。而外界與武陵部落建立關係時，必須思考應有的心態及角色，才能避免消費珍貴的原住民文化與當地有更好的回應及更深入的交流。本研究希冀探討武陵部落的遷徙形成與部落社會文化概況，能夠以文字方式記錄武陵部落的脈絡與歷史記憶，建立族群認同發展與向外傳遞訊息資源。

The purpose of this study is to explore the immigration, society, and culture of the Bukzav community in Yanping Township, Taitung County. This study collected data through literature analysis and in-depth interviews. Bunun is the ethnic group with the largest population movement among the many Indigenous in Taiwan. Overall, the formation process of the Bukzav community is mainly divided into two parts, the first part is the expansion and migration of the Bunun people themselves, and the second part is the resettlement policy during the Japanese Colonial Period. The influence of Japanese policy is comprehensive, which changed the distribution pattern of Bunun, laid the foundation of the Bukzav community landscape, and also affected the transformation of livelihood activities from rotation farming and hunting to fixed farming. The Bukzav community is a beautiful and quiet place, but there are problems such as urban-rural disparities and insufficient medical and educational resources. What the Bukzav community needs most is livelihood, safe medical resources and children's future career development. The Bukzav community has many subtle problems, many of which are not possible to solve or break through in the short term, but these problems still need to be broken and solved, and they still have to work very hard. When others establish relationships with the Bukzav community, they must think about their due mentality and role in order to have a better response and deeper communication with the local area. This study hopes that by exploring the migration of the Bukzav community, we can record the culture and history of the Bukzav community in writing, and establish the ethnic identity of Bunun people of the Bukzav community.