年長者心理老化現象之探究

The Phenomenological Study of Psychologically Aging Process for Elderly People

本研究主要關注年長者心理老化議題，旨在探討年長者如何知覺到老、心理老化之現象及其因應。共計有8 位65 歲以上之年長者參與本研究，資料來源為每位研究參與者約2 小時，合計共約16 小時之個別訪談逐字稿。資料分析則採質性研究中現象學取向之資料分析方法來進行，研究結果發現：（一）年長者知覺到老的經驗：包含「從生理層面知覺到老」、「從人際層面知覺到老」兩部分。（二）年長者心理老化之現象：包含「情緒層面之變化」、「行為層面之變化」、「人我關係層面之變化」、「處事態度的改變」、「對存在議題的關注」、「對自我價值的關切」、「生活模式之變化」、「脾氣變溫和」等八部分。（三）面對心理老化年長者採取之因應：包含「向內尋求之因應」、「向外尋求之因應」兩部分。

This research addresses the issues of psychological aging in elderly people, with an aim to explore how elderly people perceive aging, what their psychological aging phenomena are, and their coping strategies. A total of 8 people aged 65 years and above attended this research. For data collection, approximately two hours of interviews were conducted with each participant, yielding a total of approximately 16 hours of interview recording scripts. A phenomenological analysis method in qualitative research was adopted to analyze the data. The result of the study are as follows: (1) The perceived aging experience of elderly people: including “perception of aging from the physical level” and “perception of aging from the interpersonal level”. (2) The phenomena of the elderly’s psychological aging: there are eight different aspects, including “emotional needs”, “behavioral changes”, “relational changes”, “changes in the way of doing things”, “concerns about existential issues”, “more attentions to self-worth”, “having a softer temper”, and “lifestyle changes”. (3) The coping strategies of the elderly for their psychological aging consist of two parts: “seeking inner peace” and “seeking external resources”.