黃庭堅詞作中的「效他體」析論

An Analysis of“Imitating Others Genres”in Huang, Tingjian’s Ci Poems

宋人創作善於借鑒為重要特色，由其字面、句意，抑或引詩人故實及綜合各類技巧成篇。黃庭堅為北宋名家，以詩作最受關注，其詞歷來評價不一，乃在於承繼典雅溫婉之傳統美外，亦刻意融入當代通行俚語俗諺，詞作題材多元，風格獨樹一幟，展現個人創作之藝術美感和文學理論。黃庭堅論詩主張「奪胎」、「換骨」、「點鐵成金」之法，不僅提供可依循之理論，主導江西詩派，影響詩壇深遠。本文實際剖析黃庭堅詞中之「效他體」，擬逐一剖析各體特質，藉此探知黃庭堅詞作有意仿效之因，實乃延續詩作之見，更有個人現實生活寄寓仕隱衝突及沉澱己心之思。

Writers in the Song dynasty were very good in drawing lessons from the worksof previous authors, from the wordings, meaning of sentences, using former poet’strue stories or integrating all kinds of skills into their works.Huang, Tingjian was a famous writer in the Northern Song dynasty. His poemsreceived extensive attention, but his Ci poems got mixed reviews. Besides inheritingthe elegance and gentleness of the traditional beauty, Huang also blended thecontemporary slangs into his Ci works intentionally. Huang’s artistic aesthetics andliterary theories were shown in his Ci poems which were written in various themeswith unique style.Huang’s poetic theories proposed several writing skills, for example: wombsnatching, bone-changing, turning iron into goldand others. These theories wereeasy to follow, hence it dominated the Jiang Xi poetic school and influenced thepoetic field greatly.This thesis is going to analyze concretely the “Imitating Others Genre” inHuang, Tingjian’s Ci Poems. The characteristic of each genre will be analyzed inorder to grasp the reason why Huang intentionally imitated those poems. He tried toextend his poetic theories in to his works, as well as collecting his thoughts, finding comfort while facing the contrast of serving the nation or being a hermit in hispersonal real life.