探討國民小學的家長擇校因素――以雲林縣西螺鎮某偏鄉小校為例

To Study Factors of the Parents to Choose Schools for Their Children—A Small Scale Primary School in Xiluo Town, Yunlin County as an Example

本研究主要探討國民小學的家長擇校因素，其中以雲林縣西螺鎮某偏鄉小校為例子。現今台灣少子化現象越趨嚴重，此種現象導致許多偏鄉小校面臨到許多問題；如：學生人數下降、學校即將面臨被合併或者更嚴重的情況是學校可能有裁校的危機。本研究想要透過了解家長擇校之因素，幫助了解家長擇校因素的條件以及外部可能影響家長擇校因素的各種原因；得到家長擇校因素之結果或者了解外部因素影響家長擇校之因素，希望能夠幫助偏鄉小校改善學校之劣勢，並且強化之優勢，幫助學校能夠長久永續的經營，不會受到少子化現象影響。
本研究之研究方法採用紮根理論研究方法，首先選取八位訪談者，對其訪談者進行深度的訪談；其次將訪談內容依序編輯謄打成逐字稿；依據逐字稿內容訊息有系統化地檢視分析。最後，本研究研究結果得到結論如下：依據分析得到國民小學的家長擇校因素，主要發現家長教育選擇權、特色學校經營策略以及教師專業此三個核心範疇會影響家長擇校的主要因素。其中這三個核心範疇彼此又會相互影響；家長教育選擇權中會受到特色學校經營策略與教師專業這兩項所影響。家長教育選擇權當中學校的地理位置、孩子學習成長類型、家長對孩子的教育理念、家長對學校辦校滿意度，這三種因素是影響家長教育選擇權的主要因素。其次，特色學校經營策略的範疇當中，學校的經營特色、學校硬體設備、校園組織氛圍、學校規模大小、學校學費；以及在教師專業的範疇中，教師教學品質、家長與教師相處氛圍，這兩大項因素也是影響家長擇校因素。

The issue of fewer babies is a serious problem in Taiwan. Some schools face serious problems, such as schools being combined with another school or being closed, when the population of students is declining. Our study would determine whether parents’choices and effects influence their choice. The method of our study adopts quality research? We have several steps: Firstly, to choose eight interviewees, and ask them about problems of the parents’educational choice; secondly, to edit coding verbatim transcripts of interview content; finally, to use grounded theory to find the three main reasons for influencing the parents to choose schools for their children. Our findings show three main reasons: the parents’choice of education, the characteristic school’s management strategy, and the teacher’s profession. For these reasons, these three core areas will affect each other; parents’choice of education will be affected by the characteristic school’s management strategy and the teacher’s profession. Among the parents’educational choice, the school’s geographical location, the type of children’s learning and growth, the parents’educational philosophy for their children, and the parents’satisfaction with the school are the main factors that affect the parents’educational choice. In the category of characteristic school management strategies, the school’s operating characteristics, school hardware and equipment, campus organizational atmosphere, school size, and school tuition fees; and in the category of teachers’professions, teachers’teaching quality, and the atmosphere between parents and teachers. Two factors are also factors that affect parents’choice of school.