從協力創新析探社區空氣污染治理之發展

Exploring the Development of Collaborative Innovation on Air Pollution Governance in Local Communities

臺灣如何在面對空氣汙染的挑戰時，有效結合多元行動者之研究已成為協力治理的重要課題。有別於傳統的遊行倡議途徑，多元利害關係人希冀以社區為基礎思考整合既有資源及創新策略以達到環境創新治理。本文透過協力創新概念連結網絡治理框架來分析臺中龍井區及雲林麥寮鄉如何以領導、網絡、話語權等概念面對空氣汙染的困境。本研究方法以田野調查和深度訪談途徑進入至當地社區蒐集資料並進行訪談，瞭解行動者在社區中如何建立夥伴關係、促進公民參與，以及制定協力創新行動等面向。研究分析有以下三點發現：一、基層官僚式的領導無法改善空汙治理的知識管理及教育群眾形塑在地話語權；二、公民組織是社區資訊傳遞與教育民眾專業知識的中心者，同時也是橋接多元行動者網絡的掮客；三、公民科學及公民參與途徑可連結在地資源與網絡行動以創造協力創新策略。

While the air pollution governance in Taiwan is a challenge, it is an important issue to connect the multiple actors. Compared to the traditional approach of policy advocacy, the stakeholders have integrated resources to establish collaborative relationships. This study aims to analyze the cooperation of environmental governance through the concept of collaborative innovation via field study and in-depth interviews to understand how actors build partnerships, promote civic participation, and formulate collaborative innovation actions in the community. There are three findings in this study: First, the leadership of street-level bureaucracy cannot improve the knowledge management of air pollution control and educate to shape local discourse for community innovation; second, the civil organizations are brokers to deliver information bridging the network of multiple actors; third, citizen science and citizen participation are considered as an influential and practical strategy to empower local people, and connect resources and networks for collaborative innovation governance.