國際學生主修偏好，對留學國招生政策制定影響之研究──以美國為例

The Influence of International Students' Academic Major Preferences on the International Student Recruitment Policy of Host Countries: Taking the United States as an Example

國際學生的招收已成為各主要留學國的重點政策之一，本文以美國為例，以推拉理論為基礎，採取文獻分析法，探討美國國際學生的主修偏好與招生政策制定的關係。本文的研究結論為國際學生主修偏好與留學國招生政策是相互影響，並提出五點建議：1.透過分析國際學生的主修偏好了解臺灣或國內高等教育機構自身的優勢，並集中資源制定策略性的招生政策；2.分析主要留學國特定領域的國際招生政策；3.與主要國家的知名大學合作培育特定領域的人才；4.國際招生人數成長與畢業生的就業成就或許有正相關；5.重視臺灣國家核心領域學生的培育與就業。

International student recruitment has become a crucial policy of key host countries. This study takes the United States as an example, and, based on the push-pull theory, adopts a literature analysis method to explore the influence of American international students' academic major preferences on international student recruitment policy. The research conclusion is that the major preferences of international students and the recruitment policies of host countries are mutually influential. This study puts forward five suggestions: 1. Understand the advantages of Taiwan and Taiwan's higher education institutions by analyzing the major preferences of international students, and concentrate resources to formulate strategic recruitment policies; 2. Analyze the international student recruitment policies of the primary receiving countries in specific fields; 3. Cooperate with well-known universities in key countries to cultivate talents in specific fields; 4. The growth of international student recruitment may have a positive correlation with graduates' employment achievements; and 5. Emphasize the cultivation and employment of domestic students in the core fields of Taiwan.