家庭資本和重要他人對恆毅力的關係：比較不同母籍國中生

Research on the Influence of Family Capital and Significant Others on the Grit: Comparing Junior High Students of Various Mother Nationalities

國中階段是個體身心發展的重要時期，又因為會考造成學業壓力陡升，國中學生恆毅力的發展值得探討。相較於一般學生，母親為新住民的學生，普遍身處弱勢家庭，面臨更多學習適應問題。本研究旨在分析國中生的家庭資本、重要他人、與恆毅力的關係。本研究擷取2016年「臺灣學生學習成就評量資料庫」共1,297位國中生，將學生按照其母親國籍（以下簡稱母籍），分成臺灣、東南亞、大陸三組學生，進行實證比較分析。運用的研究方法為描述性統計、差異分析與線性廻歸。研究結果主要發現包括：和臺灣及大陸母籍國中生相比，東南亞母籍國中生的家庭資本最為弱勢。大陸母籍國中生與現實和虛擬同儕的關係需要關注。相較於家庭資本，良好的師生和同儕關係，對國中生的恆毅力發展更有助益。最後，根據研究發現，本研究針對教育主管機關、學校教育行政人員和教師，提供協助國中生發展恆毅力的具體建議。

High school is a critical period for physical and mental development, especially for the development of grit. This research extracted 1,297 samples of junior high students from 2016“Taiwan Assessment of Stu-dent Achievement Database”. Sampled students were divided into three groups based on their mothers' nationalities of Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and Mainland China to conduct empirical analysis. Research methods employed were descriptive statistics, variance test, and linear regression. Research results revealed that junior high students of Southeast Asian mothers had the scantiest family capital. The peer relationship of junior high students of Mainland Chinese mothers required attention. Positive relationships with teachers and peers benefited the grit of junior high stu-dents. Last, this research provided practical suggestions to educational bureaus, school administrators and teachers on how to develop junior high students' grit.