高等教育國際化的意義與爭議

The Meaning Debate of Internationalization of Higher Education

高等教育國際化近來成為我國高等教育政策也是經濟發展規劃的一環，本文的目的在於探討高等教育國際化的基本意涵、具體策略以及面臨的困難與衍生的爭議，全文分為三部分，首先釐清「高等教育國際化」這個基本概念，說明「國際化」一詞的多義與模糊，區別國際化與全球化的異同，分析高等教育的特殊性；接著進一步闡釋高等教育國際化的主要理由，大抵可分為三點：國際化是高等教育的本質性使命、國際化是高等教育的時代性趨勢、不同的國際地位不同的訴求目標；第三，對照不同國家高等教育國際化的具體做法，分為台灣的策略、國際的經驗及其遭遇的困難。最後指出他國的經驗與困境對我國高等教育國際化的啟示。

Internationalizing higher education has recently become a higher education policy as well as an economic development plan in Taiwan. The purpose of this article is to discuss the fundamental meaning， concrete strategies， difficulties and controversies about the internationalization of higher education. This article consists of three sections. First of all， the concept of internationalizing higher education is clarified， including elaborating on its ambiguity， distinguishing between internationalization and globalization， and analyzing the particularity of higher education. Then the major reasons for internationalizing higher education are explained. Some believe that internationalization is an essential mission of higher education. Some think that internationalization is an epochal trend of higher education. Still others argue that internationalization is a differentiated appeal in accordance with different statuses of nation states. Finally， in contrast with the implementation of internationalizing higher education in different countries， this article attempts to identify the strategies adopted in Taiwan， international experiences and their problems， from which some implications are drawn out for us.