國民教育概念之評析

Analysis of National Education

本文主要係從法規及教育權、學習權、受教育權的觀點，評析國民教育的相關概念，並將國民教育與其他相關名詞，如基本教育、國民基本教育、義務教育、強迫教育、補習及進修教育等相互比較分析。綜合言之，接受國民教育是人民的權利與義務，國民教育具有教育機會均等的精神，強調有教無類與因材施教的原則；其涵議已因時空的演變及教育法規的訂定﹁修正，在課程內容上已加深加廣，年限已視社會需要逐漸延長，並包含各種不同的教育型態，它不僅具有義務性、強迫性、基本性外，更具有多元的終身學習取向。

Since the phrase “national education” is full of controversy， this article tries to criticize the meaning of this phrase from the views of regulations， educational rights， learning right， and the right to receive education. In this article， it also discusses the difference between national education and other relative phrases， such as fundamental education， compulsory education， supplementary education and further education. It concludes that to receive national education is the right and the obligation of people. National education contains the concept of equity of educational opportunity. It emphasizes the principles of teaching regardless of students’ ability and backgrounds， and fitting individual difference. Owing to the changes from time， space， and the making and amending of the basic law of education， the meaning of national education is moving towards the more deeper and broader contents of curriculum， takes longer term years， and differs in various educational style. For now， national exudation contains the characters of obligation， compulsion， fundament and also multiple approaches of lifelong learning.