美國大學產學合作研究發展之實施現況及其對我國之啟示

The Current Implementation of the Industry-University Research Collaboration in America and Its Implications for Taiwan

知識經濟時代來臨使得企業之研發需求增加，為持續提升產品、技術與服務之品質，企業注意到大學校院擁有豐富之研發人才與資源，如何透過產學合作使企業與學校共同成長，此已成為各國關注之議題。美國自八○年代即以杜拜法案開始積極鼓勵產學合作，至今已有豐沛之經濟效益出現，產學兩方共創雙贏，並有效提升國家競爭力。本文以美國產學合作研究發展之實施現況為主題進行探討，分別就美國政府推動產學合作研究發展之相關法令與政策、產學合作研究發展實施方式、運作實例及推動之障礙與困難等四方面予以分析。最後，根據美國之實施現況提出我國推動大學校院產學合作之具體建議。

The coming of knowledge-based economy era brings up the demand of R&D increases in enterprises. To continue the improvement of quality regarding products， technology and service， enterprises have noticed that universities contain rich R & D talent and resources. Industry-university research collaboration (IURC) has become a major national interest. Since the pass of Bayh-Dole Act in 1980， the United States has been aggressively encouraging industry-university research collaboration， and the vast economic benefit has been viewed; therefore， it has created a win-win situation for both industries and universities， and it effectively raises the nation’s competitiveness. The purposes of this paper are to analyze the current implementation of the industry-university research collaboration in America and to provide specific suggestions for the university-industry research collaboration in Taiwan.