網路即時諮商與晤談諮商中助人技巧、工作同盟與晤談感受之研究--以準諮商員為例

Agreements on Working Alliance and Session Impact in Cybercounseling and Interview Counseling

本研究旨在探討網路即時諮商與面對面晤談諮商兩種情境中，準諮商員在助人技巧，準諮商員與當事人在工作同盟、晤談感受上之差異及變化情形。本研究係由三名碩士班第二年選修諮商實習之研究生擔任準諮商員，在網路即時諮商與晤談諮商情境中，各與當事人進行約50分鐘諮商，並於每次諮商後，準諮商員、當事人分別填答「工作同盟量表」、「晤談感受量表」，評量準諮商員與當事人之工作同盟強度及其晤談感受。本研究之網路即時諮商及晤談諮商之逐字稿依「Hill和O’Brien（1999）所發展之「諮商員助人技巧系統」進行分析。研究發現：準諮商員在網路即時諮商情境，使用之助人技巧以開放式問句及封閉式問句出現最多，以挑戰出現最少：在晤談諮商時，最常使用的助人技巧為封閉式問句與重述，而以立即性出現最少。準諮商員與當事人無論在網路即時諮商或晤談諮商中之工作同盟多呈上昇趨勢；而在晤談感受之順暢性、深度性、正向性上則隨諮商次數增加呈現不同之變化。

This study examined counselor-client concurrence and variation on working alliance and session impact in cybercounseling and face-to-face counseling conditions. Counselors were three second-year graduate students in a counseling practicum who provided 50-minute sessions to clients through cybercounseling and face-to-face counseling. After each session， counselors and clients independently completed the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) and Session Impact Questionnaire (SEQ) to assess the strength of working alliance and impact of counseling session. Transcripts from both cybercounseling and face-to-face counseling sessions were analyzed using the helping skill system developed by Hill and O’Brien (1999). Results indicated the following: In cybercounseling condition， counselors used open-ended and close-ended questions the most， and challenging the least. In face-to-face counseling condition， counselors used close-ended questions and restatement the most. Working alliance has an increasing trend both cypbercounseling and face-to-face counseling conditions， while session impact (coherence， depth， & positivity) varied according to the number of sessions.