兒童所知覺的父母婚姻暴力、親對子的暴力及手足暴力與其內外向行為的關係

The Relationships between Perceived Systemic Family Violence and Children’s Problematic Behaviors

本研究主要探討家庭暴力，如兒童所知覺的父母婚姻暴力、親對子的暴力及手足暴力對其內向行為 (憂鬱/焦慮、身體抱怨、退縮) 和外向行為（犯罪、攻擊）的影響。樣本為台東地區540個國小六年級學童，分別填寫了家庭衝突量表 (Conflict Tactics Scales， Strau et al.， 1979) 及青年自我報告 (Youth Self-Report， Achenbach， 1991)。結果顯示，手足暴力是家庭暴力中發生最頻繁的暴力行為，其次為親對子的暴力，最後為父母的婚姻暴力。家庭暴力可能會同時發生，不同類型的家庭暴力對兒童的內向行為及外向行為有其特殊的影響。此外，女生比男生知覺更多的手足衝突，和退縮行為。父親為原住民的學童知覺較多父母的衝突、父對子的衝突和手足衝突，並且呈報有較多身體抱怨及犯罪行為。

This study examined the effect of systemic family violence (e.g. marital conflict between parents， parent-child conflict， and sibling conflict) on children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors. 540 sixth grade students in East Taiwan participated in this study and were invited to fill out questionnaires of the Conflict Tactics Scales (CTSS-A form， Straus and Gelles， 1979) and the Youth Self-Report (YSR， Achenbach， 1991). 492 questionnaires were valid for analyses. The results indicated that sibling conflict is most frequent， followed by parent-child conflict. Forms of family violence can co-occur， and each type of domestic violence was significantly related to specific internal or external behavior problems. Gender and ethnicity effect were found in children’s perception of family conflict and their report of behavioral problems. Girls tended to perceive more sibling conflict and more withdrawal problems than boys. Children whose fathers were aboriginal perceived more martial conflict， father-child conflict， sibling conflict and more somatic complaints and criminal behaviors.