建构学校文化生态——基于“新基础教育”学生发展工作改革实践的思考

School Culture Ecology Construction

依据“新基础教育”研究性实践的经验，借鉴文化发展心理学和生态学的研究观点，本文着重探讨了以学生发展工作为主题的学校文化生态建构问题。学校文化生态建构的目标是培养学生自我完善的价值取向。为实现这一核心目标，学校文化生态建构必须充分考虑儿童发展和文化运作的机制。敏锐觉察儿童发展的势头，顺势开发儿童潜能，将学生组织建成文化生态系统，让学生在文化活动中建构自己的发展。本文从学校文化生态组织、学校文化生态能源及功能、学校文化活动设计角度和主要活动形态几方面探讨了学校文化生态建构问题。

The article is based on years of practice in ＂New Basic Education＂ research. By taking reference to views from cultural developmental psychology and ecology， the author stresses on school culture ecology construction with student development as key emphasis in work. The article points out that school culture ecology construction aims at the cultivation of value orientation in ego integrity. To achieve this goal， the construction should take sufficient consideration on the mechanism of child development and cultural operation. By observing child development tendency and opening up their potential， the students’ organization will be constructed into system of cultural ecology， and the development will be achieved by students themselves through cultural activity. The discussion on school cultural will be carried out from the following aspects：its ecological organization， its ecological resource as well as function， the angle of its activity design and main pattern of activity.