《不让一个孩子掉队》法案的理想与现实--绩效责任的视角

The Ideality and Reality of No Child Left Behind--From the accountability perspectives

《不让一个孩子掉队》法案的制定，其理想是在联邦层面兼顾公平与效率，在州的层面建立有效的标准、评价和绩效相关联的体系。但是，在执行了五年以后，却涌现出了许多问题，美国的许多政策研究机构也都对此作出了自己的评价。绩效责任制，作为法案的核心，从几个方面影响了法案理想的实现。究其原因，可归结为变革有内在的逻辑缺陷和对变革力量认识不清两个主要原因。

The regulation of the law No Child Left Behind， whose Ideality is to balance both equality and efficient in the Federation Level and the construct effective standards， evaluation and achievements related system. But after five years' enforcement， there are many problems occurring. Considering this phenomenon， many policy research agencies have given their own evaluation. Achievement-responsibility system is the core of this law， which affects the realization of Ideality from several aspects. The reasons for this can be contributing to the inner logic defect of the reform and the unclear acknowledge of reform force.