港澳高等教育對中國大陸招生之發展、現況與利基分析

The Development, Present Situation and Niche of Recruiting College Students from the Mainland China in Hong Kong and Macau

隨著港澳主權回歸中國大陸，港澳之教育事業也與中國大陸有著更密切的接觸，其中最引人注目的，乃是港澳高等教育對中國大陸學子的招生工作。香港始於1998年開始委託中國大陸重點大學招生，演變至今有自主招生與參加中國大陸全國高考兩種模式，2007年共招生約1300～1400名中國大陸學子。而澳門對中國大陸高中生，正式大規模招生始自2001年，主要採取自主招生方式進行，至2006年，澳門招收1248名中國大陸學子至澳門就學。眼見港澳各高校紛紛到中國大陸招收優秀學子，不但引發中國大陸高校的擔憂，同時也使學者開始關注港澳高等教育的發展？本文主要除探討港澳兩地對中國大陸招生之發展與具體做法外，將由組織生態論的觀點，具體分析港澳兩地高等教育對中國大陸招生的利基優勢。

After returning to the Mainland China， Hong Kong and Macao have developed a close tie with the Mainland China in education. The most noticeable program is the recruitment of college students from the Mainland China. Hong Kong started its program in 1998. Its recruitment process has changed from collaborating with a few major universities in the Mainland China to independent recruitment and joining the National Matriculation Test at present. In 2007， Hong Kong recruited approximately 1，300-1，400 students from the Mainland China. Macau started its recruitment of students from the Mainland China in 2001 through independent recruitment process. In 2006， some 1，248 undergraduate students were admitted to Macau’s higher education institutions. Such successful recruitment of top students from the Mainland China has not only caused concerns of the higher education community in the Mainland China， but also raised the attention of education scholars to the rapid development of higher education in Hong Kong and Macau. This paper addresses the current situation of student recruitment from the Mainland China in Hong Kong and Macau， and discusses the niche resulting from such practices.