歐洲高等教育的卓越：波隆那，以及超越波隆那？

Excellence in European Higher Education: Bologna, and Beyond

本文旨在從現行的波隆那歷程及未來進一步的發展兩層面，來探討歐洲高等教育品質與品質保證所扮演的角色。追求卓越與達到品質的門檻水準此二者間的緊張關係是主要的探討議題。首先，本文指出，透過歐洲波隆那歷程的普及與傳播，認可制度已成為歐洲各國所採取的品質保證策略之一。其後，本文說明各國在歐洲高等教育品質保證標準及指導準則公布前所採取的相關政策的發展。接著，本文再進一步建構歐洲同質化高等教育品質保證及其他策略或工具（如排名）的缺陷或限制進行討論。最後，本文在剖析了對未來歐洲高等教育建構的主要影響後，歸納提出儘管歐洲高等教育區的建構即將完成，但歐洲各國之間的差異仍將扮演重要關鍵角色的結論。

This paper explores the role of quality and quality assurance in European higher education， both in the current Bologna process and in the further future. The tension between striving for excellence and achieving adequate， threshold levels of quality， is a major theme. It describes accreditation as a major form of quality assurance， spreading because of the Bologna process in Europe. Then， major policy develop-ments up to the European Standards and Guidelines are sketched. A discussion follows of limitations quality assurance encounters in further fostering European harmonisation of higher education and of some other instruments (e.g. rankings). Finally， some major influences on the future European higher education landscape are sketched， leading to the conclusion that notwithstanding the advent of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA)， intra-European differences will remain important.