我國大學近年來新設系所分布型態與集中趨勢之研究

The Patterns of Distribution and Concentration of New Programs Established by Universitties in Taiwan

近年來，我國大學數目大幅增加，但這段期間大學究竟新設了哪些系所，朝哪些方向發展，值得深入探討。本研究旨在探討近年來大學新設系所的分布型態與集中趨勢，包括新設系所：（1）在時間、學校類型、教育階段、教育類別上的分布型態；（2）領域集中方向；（3）經濟、政治、社會影響因素。資料來源為教育部高等教育司核定之新設系所名單，包括核定的系、所、班、組，共1276個單位。研究結果發現：（1）系所增加成跳躍式成長；（2）不同類型之大學新設系所在教育階段、型態與領域上具有不同特色；（3）新設系所以碩士班為最多；（4）新設系所領域方向可分為5大類、21小類，以實用導向科系為主；（5）新設系所反映我國經濟、政治、社會等方面的需求；（6）在職專班大幅增加，回流教育日受重視。研究結果對高等教育發展、碩士班教育，以及回流教育均有重要啟示。

Taiwan has witnessed a vast expansion of higher education in recent years. It is important to investigate the direction of new programs/departments established by universities during this wave of expansion. This study intends to examine the patterns of how these new programs distribute in terms of year， school type， educational level and educational type， and what fields they concentrate on. Data came from the official lists of approved programs by Ministry of Education， consisting of 1276 units of analysis. It is found that: (1) the number of new programs accelerates over years， (2) school type matters; (3) master’s degree is the foremost educational level; (4) a large majority of new programs concentrate on applied/practical fields; (5) new programs reflect economic， political and social development; (6) the number of programs for recurrent education is on the rise. Implications of these findings for graduate， recurrent and higher education are further discussed.