國小教師對素養導向教學的覺知──以桃園市108學年度一年級教師為例

Elementary School Teachers' Awareness of Competence-Oriented Teaching-take the First Grade Teacher in Taoyuan City 108 School Year as an Example

一、研究目的：2014年發布12年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱迄今，全國小學教師已「準備」了6年。12年國民基本教育課程綱要於108學年度起，亦於全國小學一年級開始正式實施。然而在教育現場的教師們對於此次的課程改革中的素養導向教學認同度為何？準備好素養導向教學相關能力了嗎？在素養導向教學的實踐上又是如何？在實踐的過程中有無遭遇困難？均相當值得探究。二、研究設計與方法：本文採用文獻調查、檔案資料分析、問卷調查等方式進行。根據文獻、檔案資料分析所獲得的結果，擬訂「國民小學教師對12年國民基本教育素養導向教學的認同、能力、實踐與困境教師問卷」為工具，以桃園市108學年度實施12年國民基本教育之一年級導師為問卷調查對象之有效問卷481份為依據，運用SPSS for Windows 25.0及Amos 25.0版統計套裝程式，做為分析資料的工具統計軟體。三、研究發現：本問卷經SEM做CFA，問卷題項都歸屬於原定潛在變項的構念，且各題因素負荷量皆大於.45且解釋變異量達77.507％，具有不錯之建構效度；此外，整體量表Cronbach's α值為0.910，具有相當高之內部一致性，是優良的工具。並發現（一）桃園市108學年度一年級教師對於素養導向教學實施準備度高（二）桃園市108學年度一年級教師對素養導向教學執行困境尚可（三）能力具備為提高教師對素養導向教學實踐力行之重要相關因素（四）實踐力行為解除教師對素養導向教學執行困境之重要相關因素且針對桃園市國小推動教師實施素養導向教學與後續研究提出相關的建議。

1. Research purpose The 12-year National Basic Education syllabus was released in 2014. So far, primary school teachers across the country have ''prepared'' for 5 years. The 12-year national basic education syllabus was officially implemented in the first grade of primary schools nationwide since the 108th school year. However, what is the degree of recognition of the competence- oriented teaching in this curriculum reform among the teachers in the education scene? Are you ready for competence-oriented teaching? What about the practice of competence-oriented teaching? Did you encounter difficulties in the process of practice? Both are quite worth exploring. 2. Research design and methods This article uses literature survey, file data analysis, questionnaire survey and other methods. Based on the results obtained from the analysis of literature and file data, the ''National Elementary School Teachers' Questionnaire on Identity, Ability, Practice, and Difficulties of the 12-year National Basic Educational Competence-oriented Teaching'' was developed as a tool, and the 12-year National Basic Education Based on 481 valid questionnaires with the first grade tutor as the subject of the questionnaire survey, SPSS for Windows 25.0 and Amos 25.0 version statistical package are used as statistical software tools for analyzing data. 3. Research findings This questionnaire is made by SEM as CFA. The questionnaire items are all attributable to the original latent variable construct, and the load of each question factor is greater than .45 and the explained variation is 77.507%, which has good construct validity; in addition, the overall The Cronbach's α value of the scale is 0.910, which has fairly high internal consistency and is an excellent tool. And found (1) Taoyuan City's first-year teachers in the 108th school year are highly prepared for the implementation of competence-oriented teaching (2) Taoyuan City's 108 academic year first-grade teachers are still in a dilemma in the implementation of competence-oriented teaching (3) Ability to have important relevant factors to improve teachers' practice of quality-oriented teaching practice (4) The practice side's behavior is an important factor that relieves the teacher's difficulty in the implementation of competence-oriented teaching. And put forward relevant suggestions for the promotion of teachers in Taoyuan Elementary School to implement competence-oriented teaching and follow-up research.