日本老幼複合設施制度初探

Elderly and Children Interaction Facilities in Japan

本文旨在析論日本老幼複合設施的施行情況，以提出啟示作為我國代間教育與相關決策之參考，並討論台灣是否適合導入老幼複合制度。日本有長期以來實施的「介護保險制度」，以國家經費補助老人機構之營運，反觀台灣，老年照護過去一向被視為家庭責任。除此之外，1990年後期，日本富山縣人民開始自發性成立老幼複合設施，從地方漸漸推廣到影響政府政策，已有一段歷史。台灣目前面臨人口老化，且政府資源有限的情況之下，如何積極有效運用教育資源，整合我國目前方興未艾的幼兒教育改革以及老人人口的教育與安養需求，日本之經驗或可為我國在下一波超高齡社會的教育改革內涵上，提供可行之參考經驗。

The present article aims to analyze the implementation of ''Elderly and Children Interaction Facilities'' in Japan along with related decisions on intergenerational education in Taiwan to discuss whether introduction of similar systems are deemed necessary. Japan has long implemented a ''Nursing Care Insurance System'', meaning the use of state funds to subsidize the operation of social elderly institutions; in contrast, the care of elderly is regarded as each family's individual responsibility in Taiwan. In addition, people in Toyama Japan have self-initiated Elderly and Children Interaction Facilities since the late 1990s, creating history of the local gradually extending to the government. As Taiwan faces an aging population, Japan's experience may provide feasible reference for Taiwan's next wave of educational reforms to proactively and effectively utilize limited educational resources to integrate unfolding reforms on early childhood education and elderly population's needs.