我國108課綱下高中階段學校中層領導者之領導挑戰及因應策略——角色衝突觀點

Leadership Challenges and Coping Strategies for Middle-level Leaders in Senior High Schools under 108 Curriculum Guidelines in Taiwan: A View of Role Conflict

高中中層領導者之相關議題在108課綱的脈絡下值得更多關注與探討。本研究從其所面臨之權責定位及角色衝突來引入領導挑戰。就校長與其之關係而言，權力與職位、績效考核之衝突造成中層領導者在領導上的挑戰；而就其與教師之互動而言，人際關係之轉化與教師之間的緊張關係促成其在領導上的為難。而其自身則認為管理職能及領導能力不足，且專業時常遭受挑戰而造成角色認同上的混淆。 基於上述之挑戰，研究者分析相關文獻後提出四點因應策略。首先，高中中層領導者可以協作領導和共創式領導來因應變革，而建立領導團隊與專業領導社群有助於其凝聚力量以抗衡校長的權力。另外，其須增進工作管理效能，如時間管理、資源管理及有效溝通，使其領導更加順遂。

In the context of 108 Curriculum Guidelines, the related issues of middle-level school leaders deserve more attention and discussion. This study attempts to start from the perspective of management. The researcher first defines the concepts of ''middle level'' and ''leadership'', then explores the status of middle-level leaders in schools from the positions, power and role, and last but not least defines middle-level leaders in senior high school in Taiwan based on relevant laws, regulations and practical operation of schools. Through literature analysis, the researcher finds out the tasks assigned to middle-level leaders and their responsibilities in senior high schools. The leadership tasks of middle-level leaders in senior high schools can be divided into five aspects: administrative role and support, management and supervision responsibility, effective leadership and strategy application, promoting the effectiveness of curricula, instruction and students' learning and promoting school improvement. Due to the special role positioning of middle-level leaders, role conflicts appear. Therefore, this study introduces leadership challenges from the role conflicts the middle-level leaders in senior high school confront. As far as the relationship between principals and middle-level leaders is concerned, the conflict between power and position and performance appraisal brings challenges to them. As far as the interaction between middle-level leaders and teachers is concerned, the transformation of interpersonal relationship and the tension among teachers contribute to the leadership dilemma of middle-level leaders. Middle-level leaders themselves believe that their management and leadership skills are inadequate, and their professional skills are often challenged, resulting in confusion of role identity. Based on the above challenges, the researcher proposes four coping strategies after analyzing the relevant literature. First of all, middle-level leaders can cultivate their own expertise in leadership and management and respond to the changes brought about by 108 Curriculum Guidelines with collaborative leadership and co-creative leadership. Also, the establishment of leadership teams and professional leadership communities can help middle-level leaders to gather their strength together to counter the power of principals. In addition, middle-level leaders in senior high school should improve their work management efficiency, such as time management, resource management and effective communication, so as to make their leadership go smoother.