社群網站網路霸凌和網路攻擊辨識量表之發展

The Development of an Identification Scale to Gauge Cyberbullying and Cyber Aggression on Social Media Sites

本研究旨在發展能在社群網站中辨識網路霸凌和網路攻擊的加害者與受害者之量表。量表發展程序分為建立初稿、預試分析和正式施測，以專家效度與表面效度建立初稿；313位臉書（Facebook）使用者為預試樣本，以探索性因素分析和內部一致性信度進行預試問卷分析；正式施測的樣本6,393位來自於臉書、批踢踢實業坊、巴哈姆特電玩資訊站和Dcard使用者，以驗證性因素分析、重測信度和內部一致性信度建立正式問卷。研究結果顯示量表皆擁有良好的信度與效度。「網路霸凌和網路攻擊加害者辨識量表」和「網路霸凌和網路攻擊受害者辨識量表」的因素構面和分量表皆為網路言語行為、網路影像行為和網路關係行為，驗證性因素分析皆顯示擁有良好的模型適配度、收斂效度和區別效度。「網路霸凌和網路攻擊加害者辨識量表」的係數為.802，分量表係數介於.930至.937之間；「網路霸凌和網路攻擊受害者辨識量表」的係數為.787，分量表係數介於.924至.948之間。「網路霸凌和網路攻擊加害者辨識量表」和「網路霸凌和網路攻擊受害者辨識量表」的重測信度皆大於.70以上。此外，研究結果顯示，有1.8％的受測者是網絡霸凌受害者；1.0％的受測者是網絡霸凌加害者；9.2％的受測者是網路攻擊受害者；3.9％的受測者是網路攻擊加害者。

The purpose of this research is to develop a scale for identifying the perpetrators and victims of cyberbullying and cyber aggression on social media sites. The order of the development of the scale is: creating the first prototype, a pretest analysis, and lastly, a formal testing. The main purpose of creating the first prototype is in order to establish expert validity and face validity. The sample size for the pretest analysis was 313 Facebook users. The data collected was used to conduct explorative factor analysis and internal consistency reliability. For the formal testing, the sample size was 6,393 Facebook users, PTT Bulletin Board System users, gamers and Dcard users. The data collected was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis, retest reliability and to test internal consistency reliability. The results of the research showed that the scale has a good level of reliability and validity. The factor determinants and subscale of ''the identification scale for perpetrators of cyberbullying and cyber aggression'' and ''the identification scale for victims of cyberbullying and cyber aggression'' were all split into language conduct online, conduct of images online and conduct of relationships online. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a favorable goodness-of-fit, convergent validity as well as discriminant validity. The Cronbach's of the identification scale for cyberbullying and cyber aggression perpetrators was .802; the Cronbach's of the differential scale was between .930 and .937. The Cronbach's of the identification scale for cyberbullying and cyber aggression victims was .787; the Cronbach's of the differential scale was between .924 and .948. The retest reliability of ''the identification scale for perpetrators of cyberbullying and cyber aggression'' and ''the identification scale for victims of cyberbullying and cyber aggression'' was higher than .70. Moreover, the results indicated that 1.8% of the participants reported being a cyberbullying victim; 1.0% reported being a cyberbullying perpetrator; 9.2% reported being a cyberaggression victim; and 3.9% reported being a cyberaggression perpetrator.