社區中高齡者身體表現與衰弱前期危險因子之特徵

Characteristics of Physical Performance and Pre-frail Risk Factors in the Community Middle-Aged and Elderly

目的：本研究主要探討社區中高齡者身體表現與衰弱前期危險因子之特徵。方法：以衰弱症篩檢量表將535位社區居民區分為衰弱前期與非衰弱前期組，利用血壓量測、握力、五次椅子坐立、併足站立、半前後足站立、全前後足站立、張眼單足站立、走路速度、計時起走、前伸功能檢測來評估身體表現，研究期間自2019年2月至2019年5月。結果：63人被歸類為衰弱前期，佔 11.8%。衰弱前期組收縮壓與舒張壓皆高於無衰弱前期組且收縮壓達顯著差異 (p < .05)。無衰弱前期組椅子坐立與前伸功能檢測成績顯著優於衰弱前期組 (p < .05)。舒張壓與椅子坐立是預測衰弱前期重要的預測因子。結論：社區中高齡者應注意血壓控制及強化下肢肌力，以預防衰弱及降低跌倒風險。

 

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of physical performance and pre-frail risk factors in the community middle-aged and elderly. Methods: Dividing 535 community residents into pre-frail and non pre-frail groups by Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF). Blood pressure measurements, grip strength, five times chair stand, standing on feet together, semi tandem, full tandem, single-leg standing with eyes-opened, five-meter gait speed, timed-up-and-go test and functional reach test were used to assess physical performance from February to May 2019. Results: Sixty-three of the participants (11.8%) were pre-frail. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the pre-frail group were higher than those in the non pre-frail group, with significant difference in systolic blood pressure (p < .05). Five times chair stand and functional reach test in the non pre-frail group were significantly better than that in the pre-frail group (p < .05). Diastolic blood pressure and five times chair stand are important predictors for pre-frail. Conclusion: Middle-aged and elderly people in the community should pay attention to blood pressure control and strengthen lower limb muscle strength to prevent frailty and reduce the risk of falls.