探討馬來西亞吉隆坡市私立學校校長提升教師學術專業與學生學業成就的有效領導作為

Exploring Effective Leadership Practices of Private School Principals to Improve Teachers’ Academic Excellence and Students’ Learning Achievement

本論文探討私立學校校長領導作為的影響因素，並確認學校校長有效的領導作為與提升教師的學術專業和學生的學業成就間的關係。本研究採用質性研究法，透過訪談和觀察法蒐集資料，研究對象為馬來西亞吉隆坡五所私立中學的15位校長、副校長和學年主任。採訪和觀察所得的文本資料運用NVivo 軟體進行有系統的分析。資料分析結果顯示，校長主要採用四種有效的領導作為以提升學校的辦學績效：一、規劃具有共識的願景、使命和目標；二、組織專業發展專案計畫；三、促進創新、合作和團隊合作的文化；四、督導動態和主動的教與學環境。在這些領導作為中，校長應強調教師的學術專業發展和督導教學。這四個主題會在本文中更進一步探討。

This paper explored the factors influencing principals’ practices in private schools. Additionally, this study identified the effective leadership practices of school principals that contribute toward teachers’ academic excellence and students’ learning achievement. This study adopted a qualitative research design, wherein data were collected through interviews and observations using purposeful sampling. A total of 15 interviewees comprising principals, vice principals, and head teachers from five private secondary schools in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were interviewed. Transcriptions of the interviews and field notes were made available immediately after each interview and observation, and NVivo software was used to manage the data more systemically. The data analysis identified the following four main effective practices of principals to enhance school outcomes: planning for shared vision, mission and goals; organising professional development programs; promoting the culture of innovation, collaboration and teamwork; and supervising a dynamic and proactive teaching and learning environment. Among these practices, principals should emphasize leadership functions, particularly teacher’s professional development and instructional supervision. The mentioned main themes are further discussed in this paper.