現象與危機：國民中小學「行政職逃亡」分析

Phenomena and Crises: An Analysis of“School Administrators’ Runaway” in Public Primary and Middle Schools

本文分析國中小教育人員擔任校長、主任的意願，以及代理、代課老師兼任學校行政職的現象，用以剖析國中小學校「行政職逃亡」所可能產生的危機。除文獻探討學校行政權責的相關政策演進、穩健學校行政對學校發展的重要性及學校行政職逃亡的危機等議題外，本文以問卷調查以及訪談蒐集資料，進行分析。根據所蒐集的資料，本文發現：一、國中小教育人員報考校長、主任的意願降低；二、國中小代理、代課老師兼任學校行政職的現象愈來愈多；三、國中小學校行政職逃亡的危機嚴峻，主要是因為（一）學校無法從外部革新：教育政策無法轉化為學校日常實際，以及（二）學校內部進步動力不足，趨向保守、平庸。面對許多國中小幾乎已成為「革新進步的絕緣體」之嚴峻挑戰，教育單位與人員須採取有效的立即行動以求因應，化危機為轉機。

This paper investigated the phenomena of school teachers pursuing the opportunities to become principals and directors, and substitute teachers serving as section chiefs. Using the data, the paper analyzed the possible crises caused by the runaway trend of school administrators. Related literature issues were reviewed including the policy development of the authorities and obligations of school administration and the importance of sound administration on school development. Using data getting from surveys and interviews, the paper found out that 1. the willingness of school teachers pursuing the opportunities to become principals and directors is declining, 2. the trend of substitute teachers serving as section chiefs is increasing, and 3. the crises that caused by the phenomena include that schools are not capable to translate educational policies into school practices and the dynamics of improving schools from within is weak. Many schools are becoming isolators of innovations. Urgent and valid coping strategies are imperative to make crises into opportunities.