大專校院面對新型冠狀病毒危機管理與因應策略

Crisis Management and Response Strategies to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Colleges and Universities

自2019年12月中國湖北省武漢市陸續發現多起病毒性肺炎個案以來，全球已有185個國家或地區傳出確診案例，病例數已突破290萬，如何防止疫情進一步發展，找到有效的治療方案，是目前亟需解決的重要問題。大專院校的開放性及群聚性特徵，加深此次面對危機事件處理的緊迫性與重要性，而校園的危機管理，關鍵在於預防和控制，建立高效的危機應急機制，從校園平時的防疫整備、疑似病例發生後的立即處理，一直到校園復原與重建，落實各項資源垂直與水平整合，各處室間訊息雙向流動並共同合作，從而建構一個完善的危機管理合作體系，才能提高各校面對危機時的應對能力。面對此次新型冠狀病毒危機，在學校端必須透過有效的危機處理歷程，謹慎地因應，方能使學校傷害減至最低。本文針對校園危機管理的歷程，佐以大專院校案例，探討校園危機管理的策略，期供學校經營與管理之參考。

A number of cases of viral pneumonia have been reported in Wuhan of Hubei province in China since December 2019. 185 countries and regions have reported more than 2.9 million confirmed cases so far. How to prevent the further development of the epidemic and find an effective treatment plan is an important issue to be solved urgently. The openness and clustering characteristics of colleges and universities deepen the urgency and significance of handling the crisis. However, the key to campus crisis management is to prevent, control and establish an efficient crisis emergency mechanism. From epidemic prevention and preparation on campus, immediate treatment of suspected cases, all the way to campus rehabilitation and reconstruction, implement the vertical and horizontal integration of various resources, two-way information flows in both directions and works together, so as to build a perfect crisis management cooperation system, in order to improve the response capacity of each school in the face of novel coronavirus crisis. Faced with the novel coronavirus crisis, the management of the school must effectively deal with the crisis through an effective crisis management process to minimize the damage to the school. The article explores the history of campus crisis management, and then discusses the strategies of campus crisis management based on the cases of colleges and universities.