國立海洋科技博物館海洋教育戶外教學對大學生學習成效之影響

The effect of outdoor marine education teaching at the National Museum of Marine Science and Technology on university students’ learning outcomes

本研究採用準實驗設計，研究在國立海洋科技博物館（以下簡稱海科館）實施戶外海洋教育對大學生知識、態度和行為的影響。參加本次研究的151名學生中，80名選修『環境教育』課程的學生被指定為實驗組，另外71名選修『環境安全與衛生防護』課程的學生被指定為對照組。實驗組在海科館參與了戶外學習活動，而對照組則沒有參加海科館的戶外學習活動。本研究的研究工具為一個自行發展的知識、態度和行為問卷。我們將此問卷用於實驗組和對照組的前、後測，再針對從前、後測所獲得的數據進行統計分析。此外，還分析了學習單和晤談中的質性資料。研究結果顯示：一、海科館的海洋教育戶外教學有助於提高實驗組學生的知識，態度和行為。二、相關性分析顯示，對實驗組學生而言，其知識與態度之間的相關性低，知識與行為之間沒有相關性，態度與行為之間存在中度相關性。本研究之研究結論是海科館的戶外教學融入環境教育課程，可以提升大學生的海洋知識，以及增進他們對海洋環境的保護態度與行為，從而提升海洋教育的成效。因此，本研究建議教師在海科館實施戶外教學時，宜善用導覽活動來提升學生的學習興趣與成效。

 

This study adopted a quasi-experimental design to examine the effect of implementing outdoor marine education at the National Museum of Marine Science and Technology (NMMST) on university students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Among the 151 students participating in the study, the 80 who were enrolled in the course “Environmental Education” were designated as the experimental group, and the other 71 enrolled in the course “Environmental Safety and Health Protection” were designated as the control group. The experimental group was involved in outdoor learning activities at NMMST, while the control group did not participate in outdoor learning activities at NMMST. The research instrument for this study was a self-developed knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaire. We implemented this questionnaire for the pre-test and post-test of the experimental group and the control group, and then performed statistical analysis based on the data obtained from the pre- and post-tests. We also analyzed qualitative data from worksheets and interviews. The results show that, first, the outdoor marine education teaching at NMMST is effective at improving the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the experimental group students. Second, the correlation analysis reveals that for the experimental group of students, the correlation between knowledge and attitudes is low, there is no correlation between knowledge and behaviors, and there is a moderate correlation between attitudes and behaviors. We conclude that the integration of outdoor teaching at NMMST into the environmental education curriculum could enhance university students’ marine knowledge as well as attitudes and behaviors towards marine environmental protection, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of marine education. We suggest when teachers implement outdoor teaching at NMMST that, they should make good use of guided tours to enhance students’ interest in learning and learning outcomes.