兒童與青少年高爾夫選手下肢動力學之差異比較

Comparison of Differences in Lower Limb Kinetics between Children and Adolescent Golfers

目的：本研究目的在探討太極拳選手操作騰空擺蓮360ﾟ接提膝獨立中，影響動作能否成功的相關因素。方法：大專男子組八位太極拳選手參與本研究。使用紅外線高速攝影機搭配動作分析系統及測力板進行動作數據的蒐集。每位選手完成10次動作，並依三位裁判觀看錄影帶的裁決判定每次動作是否成功。動作分析參數包括騰空高度、起跳爆發力、踢起腿擊響時間與重心最高點時間差、空中重心垂直位移量、踢起腿的方向與速度、落地時重心的水平位移量、起跳髖關節和膝關節啟動時間差。以曼-惠特尼U考驗比較8位選手中成功率高的群體 (n=4) 和成功率低的群體 (n=4) 的基本資料，以及兩組在各個動作參數穩定性的差異。因選手人數較少，每個動作參數被分為若干等級並以卡方檢定檢測8位選手80次動作中動作成功 (33次) 及動作失敗 (47次) 兩個類別與各個動作參數每個等級的分配次數是否有關聯。結果：成功率高組的體重及年資較成功率低組多，成功率高組在騰空重心高度、起腿方向、踢起腿擊響時間與重心最高點時間差這些參數的一致性較成功率低組高。卡方檢定顯示動作成功的騰空重心高度較動作失敗的騰空重心高度高。結論:除了體重及年資可能產生的影響，動作成功必須有適當的騰空重心高度，找到適合自己本身能成功的跳法後，應加強練習讓每次動作的一致性提升以提高成功率。

 

Purpose: This study was to investigator the difference of the lower limb kinetics in children and adolescent golfers during the swing. Methods: 28 male golfers participated in this study were divided in 14 children golfers and 14 adolescent golfers. The measure with force plate and swing performance tools and instruments. The t-test compare with the difference of children and adolescent in club head speed and vertical ground reaction force. Results: In club head speed, the adolescent groups were significant faster than the children’s groups. In vertical ground reaction force, the children’s groups were significant bigger than the adolescent groups in left foot (front foot) at backswing phase and right foot (back foot) at acceleration phase. Conclusions: In club head speed, because of the difference in body development. the club head speed of the children’s group is close to that of the middle-aged group. The adolescent groups are close to the non-elite (mid-handicap) players. This research finds that coaches can be trained to give appropriate requirements for the club head speed. Avoid children and adolescent golfers who are too wounded to pursue the same club head speed as elite adult players. In vertical ground reaction force, the children’s group tends to be slower due to physical development, and the technical movements will be more stable. Coaches can instead request that the ability to weight shift can be close to elite adult players. Because the height of the adolescent’s group is rapidly developing, the musculoskeletal bones have not kept up with the height of the body. The ability of the weight shifting can make them close to the non-elite adult players, which is the technical action suitable for them at this stage.