論王羲之〈蘭亭詩〉的抒情特質

A Study of Lyrical Dimension of Wang Xi-zhi's "Lanting Shi"

中國文學具有悠久之抒情傳統，在歷來學者們的論述下，已然成為共識。而王羲之〈蘭亭集序〉一文，更每每引為抒情佳構之代表。反觀王羲之〈蘭亭詩〉，發紓聚會當下所感，論述焦點卻始終在玄言詩、山水詩之間徘徊，詩歌的抒情性質鮮少被提及。今以〈蘭亭詩〉作為討論重心，發現在哲理式文字的背後，係有詩人主觀情感之安排；在山水景象的描摹之中，乃為詩人情感意象之獨特經營。這種對天道自然、自我生命的省視、感發，並非出於無情的理性思考。透過自我探問的語法、否定詞的強化、敘事句（動詞句）的運用等等，皆在在體現著詩人的主觀情感。是則，較之〈蘭亭集序〉，〈蘭亭詩〉的書寫，實同樣有一抒情自我，為詩人抒情經驗之具體呈現。

 

"Chinese literature has a long history of lyricism, and it has become a consensus under the discussion of scholars. Wang Xi-zhi’s ""Preface to Lang Ting series"" is often referred to as the masterpiece of lyricism. On the other hand, Wang Xizhi’s "" Lanting shi "" expresses the feelings of the party at that time, but the focus of discussion is always between the etaphysical poetry and the landscape poetry. The lyrical nature of poetry is rarely discussed.This article uses ""Lanting shi"" as a discussion to find that the philosophical words in poetry are the expression of the poet’s subjective emotions; the poet’s description of the landscape is actually the emotional image of the poet. This kind of vision and feeling for nature and self-life is not just pure rational thinking.In poetry, there are some self-exploring grammar, the strengthening of negative words, the use of narrative sentences (verbs), etc., all clearly show the poet’s subjective feelings. Therefore, compared with the ""Preface to Lang Ting series"", the writing of ""Lanting shi ""also has a lyrical self, which is a concrete presentation of the poet’s lyrical experience. masterpiece of lyricism. On the other hand, Wang Xizhi’s "" Lanting shi "" expresses the feelings of the party at that time, but the focus of discussion is always between the etaphysical poetry and the landscape poetry. The lyrical nature of poetry is rarely discussed.This article uses ""Lanting shi"" as a discussion to find that the philosophical words in poetry are the expression of the poet’s subjective emotions; the poet’s description of the landscape is actually the emotional image of the poet. This kind of vision and feeling for nature and self-life is not just pure rational thinking.In poetry, there are some self-exploring grammar, the strengthening of negative words, the use of narrative sentences (verbs), etc., all clearly show the poet’s subjective feelings. Therefore, compared with the ""Preface to Lang Ting series"", the writing of ""Lanting shi ""also has a lyrical self, which is a concrete presentation of the poet’s lyrical experience. "