高台著地反跳對踝關節不穩定運動員的影響

Effects of Box Drop Jump on the Chronic Ankle Instability Athletes

目的：探討健康組 (healthy)、潛在組 (copers)、不穩定組 (CAI) 三種不同踝關節型態運動員從50公分高台著地反跳對踝關節運動學與動力學的影響。方法：尋找29名大專運動員區分為 healthy、copers與CAI，進行50公分高台著地反跳測驗，利用十台Vicon紅外線攝影機 (200 Hz) 與兩塊Kistler測力板 (1000 Hz) 同步收集下肢生物力學參數；統計方法以獨立樣本單因子變異數分析比較三組間有無差異。結果：CAI在著地瞬間踝關節背屈力矩小於healthy (p < .05)，healthy在下蹲期膝關節屈曲力矩顯著大於CAI與copers (p < .05)，CAI在下蹲期的踝關節外翻角度高於healthy (p < .05)， copers在離地瞬間踝關節外翻力矩大於CAI (p < .05)。結論：CAI踝關節著地階段的外翻動作可能為預防再次扭傷代償動作，有穩定關節與降低踝關節內翻風險之作用，copers在動作過程中確實會表現出與其他兩不同的動作模式，三組間確實存在依序變化的趨勢和特徵。

 

Purpose: Healthy, copers and CAI three groups to perform a 50 cm high depth jump test to find out their kinematics and kinetics difference. Method: Include 29 college athletes into healthy, copers and CAI three groups to perform a 50 cm high depth jump test. Use of 10 infrared cameras (Vicon, 200Hz) and 2 pressure plates (Kistler, 1000 Hz) to collect synchronized biomechanical data of the lower extremities. An independent sample, one-way ANOVA data analysis was performed to compare the three groups. Results: During squat phase CAI group ankle eversion is more significant than the healthy group (p < 0.5), the dorsiflexion moment arm at the point of contact with the ground of the CAI group is less than the healthy group, healthy group knee flexion moment arm during squat phase is significantly greater than the CAI group and copers group, the ankle joint eversion force at the point of leaving the ground of the copers group is greater than the CAI group. Conclusion: During landing the phase the CAI group exhibit ankle eversion, which stabilizes and decrease the inversion risk of the ankle joint, this may be a compensatory movement in prevention of recurrent ankle sprains. Copers group exhibits a different movement pattern than the other two groups. This study indicates the CAI group exhibits a different movement strategy when performing the depth jump, it is also noted there exists the characteristics of progressive inter-relationship of the three groups.