十二年國教國中階段自然科學領域素養導向評量試題之開發與初探   免費試閱

Development of Assessments for Scientific Literacy Based on Curriculum Guidelines for 12-Year Basic Education in Science Domains

為承接十二年國教自然科學領域課程綱要素養導向精神，此研究目的為研發與初探具信、效度之自然科學領域素養導向評量試題。本研究歷程包含三大部分：一、梳理與歸納文獻中科學素養之意涵；二、細緻化編碼自然科學領域課程綱要中國民中學階段核心素養具體內涵，以自然科學領域課程綱要國民中學階段核心素養具體內涵為架構，建立科學素養導向題型命題參考架構；三、以自然科學領域課程綱要國民中學階段核心素養具體內涵編碼表及命題參考架構，研發自然科學素養導向題型，並根據科學素養導向試題命題參考架構，針對鑑別度欠佳之試題，進行後設分析，進而達到試題修正之功效。由結果分析得知，依此科學素養導向試題命題參考架構所命之試題，除能明確對應自然科學領域課程綱要中之國民中學階段核心素養具體內涵與學習重點，大致有良好之品質。對於品質待改進之試題，科學素養導向命題參考架構亦能提供明確之修改方向，協助命題者進一步檢視與修正。本研究所提出之科學素養導向命題參考架構，可供未來作為命題時梳理課程綱要內涵與學習重點之清晰分類架構，並確保試題所欲評量之能力與內容呼應課程綱要素養精神。同時，亦能作為後續試題修改分析之明確參考方向，用以整體系統性開發、修正並歸類各式評量工具，以期作為未來相關領域學者及教師發展評量工具與進行教學設計之參考。

The purpose of this research is to analyse the curriculum guidelines in science domains within the 12-year basic education and to explore and develop a reliable and valid assessment model for scientific literacy. This study is conducted in three parts: First, the definitions of scientific literacy that are established in the literature are classified and examined. Second, a coding list is established by decoding the implications of the curriculum guidelines in the science domains, and this decoded result is supported by examining the definitions of scientific literacy from the literature. A unified assessment framework is established for drafting scientific literacy-oriented exam questions. Third, the coding list and assessment framework are used to develop scientific literacy-oriented exam questions, and based on this framework, a meta-analysis of unqualified exam questions is conducted to revise these exam questions. The aforementioned coding list and assessment framework are used to develop and test the scientific literacy-oriented exam questions. The results indicates that most of the scientific literacy-oriented exam questions developed in this study have good quality and follow the curriculum guidelines of the 12-year basic education in science domains. Regarding the unqualified exam questions, the assessment framework for scientific literacy developed in this study provides recommendations for revision, which can help draft and correct exam questions. In sum, the proposed assessment framework for scientific literacy can be used to further develop, modify, and classify various assessment tools and as a reference for future teachers and researchers.