動畫短片對高教生之批判性思考影響：以皮克斯之三部動畫短片為例

The Influence of Animated Short on Higher Education Students’ Critical Thinking：Taking three Animated Shorts of Pixar Animation Studio as Examples

學生學習面對困難問題與解決問題的態度養成一直備受重視，也因此批判性思考在大學教育相形重要，本研究旨在探討透過觀看動畫短片故事內容對批判性思考的影響，以驗證動畫短片對大學生之批判性思考意向、批判性思考技巧之影響性，本研究採準實驗研究法，研究對象以方便取樣選取台灣中部兩所大學的學生為研究對象，年齡介於18至22歲實驗組三組共109人。研究樣本分別為皮克斯的三部動畫短片《Piper》、《Sanjay’s super team》與《La luna》，實驗設計採單組前後測，以問卷調查統計分析大學生在「批判性思考意向」與「批判性思考技巧」之影響差異。研究分析使用t檢定進行數據分析，結果顯示，觀看動畫短片對於大學生之「批判性思考意向」的「系統性與分析力」、「開放胸襟」、「求知慾」、與「整體反省思考」以及在「批判性思考技巧」的「辨認假設」、「歸納」、「演繹」、「解釋」、「評鑑」能力，確實有顯著的正向影響，由此可知，觀看動畫短片故事內容確實能提升大學之批判性思考的能力。研究也發現對於低年級影響性越高，亦即如能於高教系統越早導入批判性思考的訓練，將更能有效提升其批判性思考技巧之能力。

 

The learning attitudes when student faces difficult problems and problem solving have always been high-lighted and high-valued. Herefore, the critical thinking is important in higher education. In this study, we would study the effectiveness of college students’ critical thinking after watching experimentally the Pixar animated shorts. The Pixar animated shorts, Piper, Sanjay’s super team, and La luna were used in this study. There are 109 students with age 18~22, study in different Universtiy of Mid-Taiwan, divided into three groups. Each group is designed with One-group pretest-posttest method for experiment in this research. Both of “critical thinking dispostition” and “critical thinking skill” were used as the measure tools. The independent t test was used for data analysis. After student watching the animated shorts, the result shows that significant positive impact of the “critical thinking disposition” that included the items of Systematicity and Analyticity, Openness and empathy, Intellectual Inquisitiveness and Holistic and reflective occurred in those students. Simultaneously, the “critical thinking skill” also shows a better effectiveness.
Additional, the positive impact on the “critical thinking skill” that included the items of Assumptions Identification, Induction, Deduction, Interpretation and Argument Evaluational also occurred in those college students who watched the shorts. It is inferred that the critical thinking would be prompted when the college students watching the shorts. Furthermore, the study found that the higher impact for the lower grade student. It is concluded that the animated short really can enhance the higher education students’ critical thinking ability, especially, for the freshman students.