維根斯坦的美學思考與美學教育

Wittgenstein’s Aesthetics Thought and Aesthetic Education

撰寫本文的目的，一方面探討維根斯坦的美學思考方向與概念，描述其與前人不同之處，也討論一些有關他的美學概念的文獻；另一方面，討論維根斯坦的主張是否可以成為教育主張並進一步應用到美學教育之中。
維根斯坦在美學筆記中的討論，可整理歸納為兩個重要觀點：第一是美感語句或美感表達；第二是建立個人的美感判斷，以個人的文化背景、生活基礎與認識及熟悉法則，作為「下判斷」的依據。按照這兩個觀點，我們可以思考與討論維根斯坦的美學思想與美學教育的問題。在兼顧上述兩個觀點的理念下所完成的美學教育，其學生不但具備美感經驗、能表達感受、自由創作，並且學習與應用各種法則，做出美感判斷或審美判斷，本文即以此思考來探討我國美學教育的問題。

The purpose of this paper is twofold: to discuss the aesthetics thought of Wittgenstein and whether his concepts can be applied to aesthetic education and how.
According to Wittgenstein’s talks with his students in 1938, there were two main viewpoints that were discussed. The first one was sentences with personal feelings about various objects that caused one to express one’s feelings with expressions using adjectives. The second one was in order to establish one’s aesthetic judgements, one needs to recognize and be familiar with aesthetic rules, and by following those rules, one will be able to make aesthetic judgements. Based on these two concepts, this paper discusses Wittgenstein’s aesthetics thought and its relationship with aesthetic education.