國際難民教育執行經驗與發展方向之探討

A Study on Implementation and Development of International Refugee Education

難民議題是目前國際間關注的焦點，依據國際公約，締約國有責任保護在其領土上的難民並提供受教育的機會。然而，觀察教育研究領域，難民教育的議題往往受到忽略，在華文領域尤甚。雖然臺灣目前沒有接待難民的挑戰，但在全球人口加速移動的趨勢下，難民教育仍應是值得關心的議題。本文以文獻分析的方式，將難民教育的必要性透過「基本人權」、「社會安定與發展」及「未來重建」三個層面予以闡述；且鑑於國際間對於提供難民教育雖具有基本共識，但是難民教育的實際執行卻經常缺乏資源且充滿挑戰，本文再從「擴展入學機會」、「整合教育系統」、「安排學習內容」、「提升教育品質」及「有效運用資源」等面向，將國際間難民教育的執行經驗與發展方向進行整理歸納，以冀了解教育工作如何在協助難民時扮演更積極的角色。

Refugee crisis is the focus of international attention currently. Under the international conventions, the contracting states shall accord to refugees the same treatment as is accorded to nationals with respect to elementary education. The issues of refugee education have been ignored by educational researches, especially in Chinese literature. Although there is no refugee challenges facing Taiwan at present, refugee education issues are worth our concern yet, while population movement is a spiraling global trend. By means of literature review, this article explains the necessity of education for refugees through ‘human right’, ‘social development’ and ‘future rebuild’ approaches. Even if the refugee’s education is acknowledged widely, it is still short of resources and full of challenges. Through the dimensions of ‘expand education opportunities’, ‘integrate educational system’, ‘supply specific contents’, ‘improve education quality’ and ‘well function resources’, the article reviewed the implementation and development of refugee education and discussed how education could play a more vigorous role to help refugees.