我國學用合一之現況、問題與解決之道

The Satus, Problems and Solutions of Knowledge-action Integration in Taiwan

人力是知識經濟時代的重要資產，也是產業升級與提高競爭力的重要關鍵因素，其中，專業（技術）人力的培育有賴大專校院的規劃與執行。然而，大專校院的課程、教學、實習、技術證照與就業間，卻常無法掌握產業資訊與需求，造成學用間的落差嚴重。對此，政府相當重視，期能透過教學卓越計畫、技職再造等諸多方案，給予具體解決。本文透過文獻分析學用合一之現況，提出學用合一的問題，包括課程與產業脫節、教學與產業失衡、實習機會不足、技術證照制度未臻完善、產業用人非以學生專業優先等五項，研提落實課程與產業接軌、實施彈性教學機制、建立產學實習連結措施、改革就業導向為主的技術證照制度、建立教考訓用的連結系統等改善之道，並提出成立跨部會學用合一協調平台、活化產業需求的課程應變機制、建立親產學合作的學習環境、務實檢討產業實習制度、完備證照與就業的法治建議，期對政府、大專校院、產業端等各界解決學用合一問題有所助益。

Manpower either the essential asset or the key element for industry upgrade and rise the competitiveness of enterprises in the knowledge-based economy age. It is rely on universities and colleges to design and conduct the professional/ technological talents’ cultivation. However, the looseness connections between schools and industries caused a huge gap from course design, teaching and learning, internship, technician certificate, and employment to industry needs. To improve this issue, government engaged in some practical policies such as "The Teaching Excellence Project ", and "Vocational Education Reform Project " etc. This paper provide an analyzed results of the existing situation then obtain 5 facets: A miss-connection among curriculum development orientation and industry development trend, disequilibrium from teaching to industry needs, insufficient internship positions, malfunction of technician certificate review system, and industry recruitment criteria neglect students' professional competency as consideration into priority. The offered suggestions based on situation analysis result as following: Rebuild the interact connection between schools and industries, establish a flexible teaching and learning mechanism, construct an industry-academic internship collaboration plat form, improve the employment orientation technician certificate review system, and a linking system from goals of teaching, evaluation, training, and assignment to industry needs. In addition, useful perspective shows the decision makers shall to establish inter-departmental coordination plat form in governmental level, to active the curriculum adaptive mechanism toward industry needs, to build a close-industry cooperation learning environment, to face the concrete matters of current industry internship program and deal with it practically, to improve the regulation weakness toward technician certificate review system and employment. This paper provided a concrete suggestions could be implemented into practice to improve such issues for government, universities and colleges, and industries.