杜威對課程與教學問題的提示

John Dewey on the Issues in Curriculum and Instruction

本文在以杜威的著作及有關的二手文獻，簡要敘述他對於課程與教學問題的提示。全文分為九節。前言，以杜威主張課程、教學與行政或管理為學校之中三個相互關聯的問題，說明課程與教學問題在其心目中所占的重要地位。第二至第八節分別就狹隘看待教育、遮蔽課程意旨、課程兒童對立、課程教學二分、課程組織失序、教學活動偏差，以及學習未盡真實等，一一說明杜威對於課程與教學問題所作的提示。第九節，則點出廣義看待教育、課程與教學，力求課程、兒童與教學的整合協調，課程組織重組與教學活動平衡，以達到真實學習的目標等要項，以為結語。

This paper intended to briefly describe John Dewey’s views on the issues in curriculum and instruction by researching his work and the related literature. It was divided into nine sections. In the introductory section, that curriculum and instruction were considered as two of the trinity of school topics by Dewey was mentioned. From the second to the eighth sections, narrow views on education, the hiding curriculum problem, the antagonism between curriculum and child, the separation of curriculum and instruction, the disorganization of curriculum, the deviation of instructional activities, and the learning is inauthentic were explained one by one. In concluding section, based on Dewey’s thoughts, broadly conceived education, and curriculum and instruction, integration and coordination of child, curriculum and instruction, and curriculum reorganization and balanced instruction as means to attain the goal of the promotion of students’ authentic learning were suggested.