高雄市國小教師的理想主義、相對主義、工作壓力與學校生活適應之關聯探析

The Relationships among Idealism, Relativism, Work Stress, and School Life Adjustment of Elementary School Teachers in Kaohsiung

本研究旨在探討教師的理想主義、相對主義等兩種倫理意識型態與工作壓力、學校生活適應其間之關聯性。研究者以高雄市565 名國小教師為研究對象，利用自編之「理想主義量表」、「相對主義量表」、「工作壓力量表」與「學校生活適應量表」蒐集實證資料，採用結構方程模式統計技術，進行一系列的參數估計。路徑分析結果顯示：一、理想主義可負向預測工作壓力，相對主義可正向預測工作壓力；二、在共同推估時，理想主義可正向預測學校生活適應，相對主義卻無法顯著預測學校生活適應；三、工作壓力可負向預測學校生活適應；四、工作壓力並非理想主義、相對主義預測學校生活適應的中介變項。根據發現，研究者對高雄市國小教師之人力資源管理相關議題加以討論並提出未來研究建議。

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among idealism, relativism (two kinds of ethical ideology), work stress, and school life adjustment of elementary school teachers. The data were collected through questionnaires from a sample of 565 elementary school teachers in Kaohsiung city. The major instruments for this study included Teachers Idealism Scale, Teachers Relativism Scale, Teachers Work Stress Scale, and Teachers School Life Adjustment Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to make parameter estimations. Path analysis revealed the following findings: First, idealism could negatively predict work stress, whereas relativism could positively predict work stress. Second, in the common estimation, idealism could positively predict school life adjustment, but relativism could not significantly predict school life adjustment. Third, work stress could negatively predict school life adjustment. Fourth, work stress was not the mediator among idealism, relativism and school life adjustment. The implications of this study to elementary school teachers’ human resource management in Kaohsiung and future studies were discussed.