知识商品化及其对高等教育公共性的侵蚀

Commodiflcation of Knowledge and Its Erosions to the 'Public' of Higher Education

知识是组织高等教育活动的基本材料和学术生活的基础。传统上作为公共产品的知识正在发生转向,其商品属性和交换价值趋于增强,成为兼具公共产品与私人产品性质的一种混合型产品;在高等教育领域,知识商品化具有多种表征形式,侵蚀了高等教育的公共性。本文结合哈贝马斯和布迪厄的理论框架,阐述了以下观点:知识的公共产品性质是高等教育的公益性、高校的公共形象和学术人的公共身份的基础,也是基础研究的核心价值观之一:坚持知识的公共产品性质,抵制知识商品化的消极影响,既是知识的内在要求也是高等教育的内在要求。

Knowledge is not only basic materials of higher education activities but also basis of academic life. Knowledge traditionally regarded as public good is in changing. Since its commodity nature and exchange value increase, knowledge becomes a mix good between pubic and private good. Commodification of knowledge is embodied in many aspects of in higher education, and then erodes higher education itself. Using conceptual frameworks of Jorgen Habermas and Pierre Boudieu, this article argues that the public good nature of knowledge is basis of public interests of higher education institutions(HEIs), public image of HEIs, and public identity of homo academicus, as well as a core value of basic research at HEIs. Insisting the public good nature of knowledge and resisting its negative influences are inherent requirements of both knowledge and higher education.