中國大陸諮商師非性雙重關係倫理態度與倫理行為之調查研究

A Survey of the Ethical Attitudes and Ethical Behaviors of Non-sexual Dual Relationships of Counselors in Mainland China

本研究採取兩階段質量整合之解釋性混合方法設計進行，先透過量化的問卷調查進行統計分析後，再運用焦點團體及個別書面訪談進一步解析，以了解大陸諮商師對非性雙重關係的倫理態度與行為表現。第一階段量化研究以大陸主要城市的諮商師為調查對象，透過網路的問卷調查方式，立意取樣獲得279份有效問卷，然後運用SPSS統計軟體來進行資料分析；第二階段質性研究邀請了6位大陸與台灣在諮商倫理研究與諮商實務經驗兼長的專家進行焦點團體和個別書面訪談，以對第一階段的量化調查初步分析結果進行深入的討論與解析，所得質性訪談資料以內容分析法加以處理，完成本研究之最後結果分析：（1）倫理態度涉及華人文化的生活習慣、禮貌習俗相關倫理議題，普遍具有共識且認為合乎倫理的共有6項；（2）倫理行為高頻度出現的有8項，與諮商師所處場域的特殊性、場域的制度、多重角色情境脈絡、網路的時代發展及華人文化與生活習慣有關；（3）倫理態度與倫理行為大致相符，但仍有8項雙重關係的議題在態度與行為間存有較大落差，與諮商師接受西方文化下的倫理規範卻處於華人文化脈絡之衝突有關。最後研究者說明研究限制、後續研究建議及實務應用建議。

This study aims to investigate the current status of attitudes and behaviors of counselors in mainland China on the ethical issues of non-sexual dual relationships. The study was designed and implemented using a two-stage quality-quantity integration of interpretive mixed-methods. After a statistical analysis through a quantitative questionnaire survey, it was further analyzed using focus groups and individual written interviews to discuss the duality of non-sexuality among the counselors in mainland China. The relationship between ethical attitude and ethical behavior. In the first phase of quantitative research, counselors in major cities in mainland China were recruited as the survey subjects. Through the online questionnaire survey, 279 valid questionnaires were obtained by intentional sampling. Afterwards, SPSS 19^(th) version of statistical software was used for descriptive statistics along with tests and statistical programs such as ANOVA for data analysis; in the second phase of qualitative research, six experts from Mainland China and Taiwan with substantial experience in consultative ethics research and counseling practice were invited to conduct focus group interviews and individual written interviews in order to carry out in-depth discussion and analysis of the preliminary analysis results of the first phase of the quantitative survey. Thus, the qualitative interview data obtained were then processed by content analysis method and the final result analysis of this study was completed. Results: (1) Ethical attitudes related to the living habits and polite customs of Chinese culture have generally reached consensus on 6 ethical issues; (2) There are 8 high-frequency ethical behaviors, which are in the field with the counselors: the particularity of the field, the system of the field, the context of multiple roles, the development of the Internet, and the Chinese culture and lifestyle habits; (3) Ethical attitudes and ethical behavior are generally consistent, but there are still a large gap between attitudes and behaviors on eight issues of double relations. This conflict results from whether counselors in the context of Chinese culture could accept ethical norms made by Western culture. Finally, the researchers explain the research limitations and propose follow-up research recommendations that can use representative samples to conduct longitudinal research and cross-cultural research, and should continue to receive ethical education for counselors. The code and license regulations should be revised for practical application suggestions.