日本專門職業大學政策之析論

An Analysis on Professional Vocational Universities Policy of Japan

本文主要探討（一）日本職業教育制度轉型之特色、（二）專門職業大學設立之專家諮詢會議審議過程、（三）專門職業大學之特色，分析日本職業教育之最新現況與問題點為主要研究目的。研究方法主要採專家學者所提之學術著作以及文部科學省於網路所公布的官方統計資料為參考文獻，以文獻分析法進行分析。本研究發現：日本政府為因應社會快速變遷，積極主導職業教育的發展，以進行職業教育的改革，建立有別於一般大學之專門職業大學，提供學生更多就讀管道，在短期內可以最大限度培育職業技術能力的同時，亦可以彌補現有高等職業教育體系不足之處，此種提升職業教育訓練品質為主的內容，開啟曰本建立完善職業教育體系的重要里程碑，可知因為職業教育的典範轉移，更確立高等職業教育的地位。另外，針對我國職業教育的啟示則包括，引進企業資源，共同辦理課程設計以及強調實務能力與專業能力結合。

This article mainly explored the following issues: (1) the features of the transformation of the Japanese vocational education system; (2) the review process by the expert consultation meeting for the establishment of professional vocational universities; and (3) the features of professional vocational universities in order to analyze the latest situation and problems of Japanese vocational education. As for the research method of this article, the author mainly used academic publications written by experts and scholars and official statistical data available online issued by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology as references for document analysis. This study discovered that: In order to respond to rapid social change, the Japanese government is aggressively leading the development of vocational education. To achieve a reform of current vocational education, establishing professional vocational university and academies that are different from common universities, and providing students with more schooling channels can maximize vocational skills in the short term, as well as make up for the inadequacies of the existing higher vocational education system. Improving the quality of vocational education and training will enable the creation of an important milestone in the formation of a perfect vocational education in Japan. It is evident that the transition of vocational education model has further established the status of higher vocational education. In addition, methods targeting the enlightenment for vocational education in Taiwan include the introduction of corporate resources, the joint conduction of curriculum design, and emphasis on the combination of practical and professional capabilities.