焦點解決團體諮商對未婚成年女性愛情分手失落調適之輔導效果

The Effects of Solution-Focused Group Counseling on Break-up Adjustment of Unmarried Adult Females

本研究旨在探討焦點解決團體諮商（SFGC）運用於未婚成年女性分手調適之輔導效果。共有6位遭逢分手失落的未婚成年女性，參與為期8次、每次2小時之結構性焦點解決團體諮商。成員們分別於團體前、團體結束時以及團體結束後四周，各接受一至兩小時的半結構式個別訪談，共獲得18份訪談稿，並依主題分析法進行資料分析。研究結果發現，團體成員在不同階段面對分手調適有所改變的向度包括：對分手的態度與因應、分手對自我的影響、對原親密關係的態度、對未來感情的態度，以及對人我關係的態度與影響；同時，團體成員認為參與團體的經驗對其分手調適的影響包括：（1）團體溫暖信任的正向環境，提供安全檢視經驗的機會；（2）成員的優勢與進展，激發人際學習與正向激勵；以及（3）SFGC解決導向活動，發揮賦能效益。本研究結果支持SFGC催化成員分手調適歷程的各方發展，帶出接納與重新建構的契機，而SFGC歷程對成員分手調適的影響與療效因素的發揮有其獨道之處，包括：分手調適可為一建構解決之道的歷程、目標與未來導向帶來穩定與方向感、賦能與改變導向帶來高度正向激勵以及團體支持與學習等。最後，依據本研究結果對未來相關實務與研究提出具體建議。

Dealing with intimacy is one of the essential life tasks in early adulthood. Ending an intimate relationship results in a loss of social networks, emotional support, role positioning, future expectations, and self-identity associated with the relationship. Therefore, breakup distress may cause negative impacts on the establishment of new intimacy and the choice of future marriage. Group counseling combined with short-term treatment has gained increasing popularity. The solution-focused approach, which with the characteristics of a short-term treatment, considers clients' goals as well as their strengths and competence and clarifies steps toward the clients' future vision or desired solution. The solution-focused approach has unique insights in dealing with the grieving process: (1) loss is not a problem in itself, but the real problem is coping with a life that has experienced loss; (2) through the perception shift, the future still has space for negotiation after experiencing loss; (3) understanding people's negative emotions that accompany the loss and respecting the uniqueness of their emotion in the social context of the person concerned are crucial; (4) when forming a solution, considering the normality and individuality of each person and valuing the individualized goals and healing process of the loss are essential; (5) a belief exists that the grieving and healing processes can coexist; accordingly, learning self-care is vital when encountering a loss; and (6) it is meaningful to focus on the importance of meaning reconstruction during the adjustment process.