大陸碩士交換生在臺的學習動機、課業與人際適應之探究

A Study on the Learning Motivation, Academic and Social Adaptation of Chinese Exchange Graduate Students in Taiwan

近年來，赴臺大陸交換生的人數增長迅猛，成為臺灣高等教育的一股新生力量，對於兩岸間的交流具有重要意義。然而，兩岸在歷經50年以上的分隔之後，在生活、文化以及飲食等方面存在顯著差異，因此在臺交換的大陸學生在適應上出現各種問題是可以預期的，特別是碩士交換生，在交換期間的學習動機以及適應問題上與大學生存在顯著差異，這些都值得各界予以關注。本研究以2017年秋季在臺中興大學交換的十名碩士生為研究對象，通過深度訪談、參與式觀察以及文件分析等方法，進行為期兩個月的資料收集，探討其赴臺學習動機及面臨的課業適應問題。研究結果發現，在臺大陸碩士交換生的學習動機主要在於深度體驗感受臺灣當地文化、不斷豐富自身體驗。交換過程中，碩士交換生面臨著課業適應與人際關係適應問題。本研究進一步發現，通過情緒、工具、資訊、評價四大系統的支援，整體而言，大陸碩士交換生在中興大學適應狀況良好。最後，本研究提出：學校要為碩士交換生提供良好的硬體設施、增加體驗本地特色的機會、優化一對一學伴制度、完善交換生導師制度等。

Recently, the number of mainland students coming to Taiwan is increasing rapidly in the last decade, and has become a new force in Taiwan's higher education, which means a great significance. However, after 50 years of separation, there are significant differences in life, culture and diet between the two sides. Therefore, it is expected that the exchange students in Taiwan might have some adaptation issues. Specifically speaking, those exchange students, who are pursing master degree, may exists several differences in learning motivation and adaptation problems when comparing with college students during their stay, which are worthy of attention. The study was implemented at National Chung Hsing University (NCHU) during the fall semester in 2017, and invited 10 master-level exchange students as samples. A qualitative approach is employed in this study in terms of in-depth interview, participant observation, and document analysis to collect data. The study found that the motivations of the Chinese exchange graduate students are mainly to experience the local culture of Taiwan and enrich their own experience. In the process of exchange, the master-level exchange students encountered academic and interpersonal adaptation issues. The study also showed that with the help of four support systems: emotional system, instrumental system, information system and appraisal system, the mainland master-level exchange students at NCHU had good adaptation in general. In the end, this study provides four suggestions, in terms of providing good hardware facilities for those exchange students according to their professional characteristics, increasing the opportunities for them to experience the local diversities, focusing on one-on-one study partner, and optimizing the mentor-mentee relationship.