中文晤談評量問卷內部結構之探究：個案層次分析

A Study of the Internal Structure of the Chinese Session EvaluationQuestionnaire (C-SEQ): Client-Level Analyses

晤談評量問卷（Session Evaluation Questionnaire, SEQ）是一份過去經常被作為評量諮商影響的自陳式工具，且此問卷在過去，也經常被視為是評量諮商歷程與結果的工具。Stiles、Gordon和Lani（2002）所發展的最新版Session Evaluation Questionnaire Form 5（SEQ-5），係由21對語意區分的相對形容詞所組成，各題項均採7點評量的方式計分。研究目的：本研究採用陳慶福和林妙容（2016）翻譯自SEQ-5的中文第五版晤談評量問卷（Chinese Session Evaluation Questionnaire, C-SEQ），探討個案層次C-SEQ的內部結構。研究方法：參與者為2017年4月至2017年7月間，至台灣的21所大學諮商輔導中心接受心理諮商之大學生，共計200位（N=200），每一位參與者在最近一次接受諮商後，填答一份中文C-SEQ，本研究據此進行C-SEQ內部結構的探討。研究結果：本研究的資料經由探索性因素分析和驗證性因素分析，可以確認C-SEQ包含：深度性、順暢性、正向性和激動性的四個因素結構；在晤談評量向度和晤談後情感評量向度分別為深度性與順暢性，以及正向性與激動性。研究結論：個案層次的C-SEQ包含四個因素的結構，此問卷的深度性、順暢性與正向性因素間存在低度至中度的相關；此問卷可提供國內諮商實務之回饋和諮商歷程研究之用途。本研究依據研究的發現與限制，提出對未來諮商實務與研究的具體建議。

The Session Evaluation Questionnaire (SEQ), which is a self-rating instrument, has been widely applied in measuring the impact of counseling sessions. The SEQ may be conceived as a bridge between the counseling process and outcome. The SEQ Form 5 (the latest version of the SEQ; Stiles, Gordon, & Lani, 2002) includes 21 bipolar adjective scales in a 7-point semantic differential format. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to explore clients' responses to the Chinese SEQ (C-SEQ), which was translated by Chen and Lin (2016). The clients' responses to the C-SEQ were elicited and then analyzed to understand the internal structure of the C-SEQ. Methods: A total of 200 clients from 21 Taiwanese universities were recruited using heterogeneous convenience sampling by the researchers between April 2017 and July 2017. After each client attended his or her latest individual counseling session, he or she was asked to complete one copy of the C-SEQ. Thus, our collected data were drawn from the questionnaires. Results: Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted. The influences of counseling sessions, including the dimensions of session evaluation and postsession mood evaluation, were measured. The results of this study corroborated the premise that four factors are elicited from the C-SEQ, namely Depth, Smoothness, Positivity, and Arousal. Thus, the C-SEQ assesses two dimensions of session evaluation, Depth and Smoothness, as well as two dimensions of postsession mood, Positivity and Arousal. Conclusion: The internal structure of the C-SEQ encompasses four factors: Depth, Smoothness, Positivity, and Arousal. Intercorrelation coefficients between Depth, Smoothness, and Positivity were between low and medium (.27- .67, p ＜ .01). The C-SEQ is now available as an instrument for giving feedback regarding counseling practice and counseling process research in Taiwan. Additionally, based on the findings and limitations in this research, suggestions for counseling practice and future research are offered by the researchers.