梁啟超翻譯贊助活動研究

A Study of Liang Qichao’s Patronal Translation Activities during the Late Qing Dynasty

晚清翻譯史上重要的翻譯贊助人兼翻譯家梁啟超以譯書為強國之第一要義，曾透過翻譯政治小說、創立學會及譯書局、創辦報刊雜誌、發表倡印西書的論文，以及向皇帝呈送開辦譯書局奏摺等直接和間接的翻譯贊助形式，推動了晚清翻譯事業的發展。梁啟超的翻譯贊助體現在意識形態、經濟、地位三個方面，鑒於梁氏在政界和文壇上的影響力，其意識形態直接控制了翻譯中原語文本的選擇及譯者的翻譯策略。梁啟超提倡「以東文為主、輔以西文」、「政學為先，次以藝學」的翻譯宗旨，以此來加快西學東漸的進程，達到開啟民智、富國強民之目的。梁氏「翻譯與政治結盟」之舉措促進了晚清翻譯事業的繁榮。 As one of the most influential patrons during the late Qing Dynasty, Liang Qichao attached the greatest importance to translation. By means of direct and indirect translation activities such as the translation of political novels, the creation of communities, the founding of translation bureaus, newspapers and periodicals, the publication of articles advocating the translation of western books and submission to Guangxu memorials, Liang Qichao promoted the development of translation. Ideological and economic factors as well as status are involved in the practice of patronage. In view of the patron’s influence in political and literary areas, both the source language and translating strategies were controlled by Liang Qichao. In fact, in choosing the source language in order to disseminate western learning in China as well as to cultivate the intellect, and bring prosperity to the country and the people, he advocated “Japanese as the main language and English as subsidiary”, and “books of political reform prior to other science books”. Liang Qichao made a great contribution to the translation of works from the late Qing period by means of “Alignment of translation and politics”.

As one of the most influential patrons during the late Qing Dynasty, Liang Qichao attached the greatest importance to translation. By means of direct and indirect translation activities such as the translation of political novels, the creation of communities, the founding of translation bureaus, newspapers and periodicals, the publication of articles advocating the translation of western books and submission to Guangxu memorials, Liang Qichao promoted the development of translation. Ideological and economic factors as well as status are involved in the practice of patronage. In view of the patron’s influence in political and literary areas, both the source language and translating strategies were controlled by Liang Qichao. In fact, in choosing the source language in order to disseminate western learning in China as well as to cultivate the intellect, and bring prosperity to the country and the people, he advocated “Japanese as the main language and English as subsidiary”, and “books of political reform prior to other science books”. Liang Qichao made a great contribution to the translation of works from the late Qing period by means of “Alignment of translation and politics”.